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In mathematics, a rational function is any function that can be defined by a rational fraction, which is an algebraic fraction such that both the numerator and the denominator are polynomials. The coefficients of the polynomials need not be rational numbers ; they may be taken in any field K .
If y=c is a horizontal asymptote of f(x), then y=c+k is a horizontal asymptote of f(x)+k; If a known function has an asymptote, then the scaling of the function also have an asymptote. If y=ax+b is an asymptote of f(x), then y=cax+cb is an asymptote of cf(x) For example, f(x)=e x-1 +2 has horizontal asymptote y=0+2=2, and no vertical or oblique ...
The sheaf of rational functions K X of a scheme X is the generalization to scheme theory of the notion of function field of an algebraic variety in classical algebraic geometry. In the case of algebraic varieties , such a sheaf associates to each open set U the ring of all rational functions on that open set; in other words, K X ( U ) is the ...
Unconstrained rational function fitting can, at times, result in undesired vertical asymptotes due to roots in the denominator polynomial. The range of x values affected by the function "blowing up" may be quite narrow, but such asymptotes, when they occur, are a nuisance for local interpolation in the neighborhood of the asymptote point.
Given a holomorphic function f on the blue compact set and a point in each of the holes, one can approximate f as well as desired by rational functions having poles only at those three points. In complex analysis , Runge's theorem (also known as Runge's approximation theorem ) is named after the German mathematician Carl Runge who first proved ...
The relation is an equivalence relation on the set of functions of x; the functions f and g are said to be asymptotically equivalent. The domain of f and g can be any set for which the limit is defined: e.g. real numbers, complex numbers, positive integers.
Arithmetic dynamics is the study of the number-theoretic properties of integer, rational, p-adic, or algebraic points under repeated application of a polynomial or rational function. A fundamental goal is to describe arithmetic properties in terms of underlying geometric structures.
A natural follow-up question one might ask is if there is a function which is continuous on the rational numbers and discontinuous on the irrational numbers. This turns out to be impossible. The set of discontinuities of any function must be an F σ set. If such a function existed, then the irrationals would be an F σ set.