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The First Sudanese Civil War (also known as the Anyanya Rebellion or Anyanya I, after the name of the rebels, a term in the Madi language which means 'snake venom') [24] was fought from 1955 to 1972 between the northern part of Sudan and the southern Sudan region which demanded representation and more regional autonomy.
Since independence in 1956, the history of Sudan has been tarnished by internal conflict, including the First Sudanese Civil War (1955–1972), the Second Sudanese Civil War (1983–2005), the War in Darfur (2003–2020)–culminating in the secession of South Sudan on 9 July 2011, after which the South Sudanese Civil War took place therein ...
The Anyanya was founded in 1963, [5] [2] as the Pojulu, Moru, Nuer, Lotuko, Madi, Bari, Acholi, Zande, Dinka, and other tribes from southern Sudan waged a war against the Sudanese government. The foundation took place after a meeting between southern politicians and military at the residence of Joseph Oduho in Kampala on August 19.
from left to right: Abel Alier, representing the Sudan government, Haile Selassie, the negotiation mediator and host, and Ezboni Mondiri, representing the Southern Sudan Liberation Movement The Addis Ababa Agreement , also known as the Addis Ababa Accord, was a set of compromises within a 1972 treaty that ended the First Sudanese Civil War ...
The first civil war lasted from 1955 to 1972, and the second civil war from 1983 to 2005. The reasons for the conflict were the large ethnic, cultural, and religious differences between southern and northern Sudan, the economic exploitation of the natural resources of the south by the north, and the lack of political participation of the ...
Second Sudanese Civil War: Background Q & A: The Darfur Crisis, Esther Pan, Council on Foreign Relations, cfr.org; Price of Peace in Africa: Agreement in Sudan Between Government and Rebel; Photojournalist's Account – Displacement of Sudan's second civil war; In pictures: Sudan trek – of returning refugees after the war, BBC, 14 June 2005
This marked the start of the First Sudanese Civil War, four months before Sudanese independence. [13] Some of the mutineers fled into the wilderness where they began a guerrilla insergency. In 1962 multiple guerrilla formed the Anyanya which come to be southern Sudan's largest insergent group.
United States Senator John Danforth was appointed Special Envoy to Sudan. November: The United States imposed sanctions on Sudan. 2002: January: A ceasefire was agreed between the government and the SPLA. 20 July: Second Sudanese Civil War: The Machakos Protocol ended the nineteen-year civil war. 2003: February: War in Darfur: The war began ...