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The apostrophe is also used to mark the genitive for words that end in an -s sound: words ending in -s, -x, and -z, some speakers also including words ending in the sound . As Norwegian does not form the plural with -s, there is no need to distinguish between an -s forming the possessive and the -s forming the plural.
Adding an “s” or “es” makes words plural without the help of an apostrophe. One grammar mistake that drives editors crazy is the use of an apostrophe to “pluralize” a word, as in, “I ...
Punctuation in the English language helps the reader to understand a sentence through visual means other than just the letters of the alphabet. [1] English punctuation has two complementary aspects: phonological punctuation, linked to how the sentence can be read aloud, particularly to pausing; [2] and grammatical punctuation, linked to the structure of the sentence. [3]
Punctuation marks are marks indicating how a piece of written text should be read (silently or aloud) and, consequently, understood. [1] The oldest known examples of punctuation marks were found in the Mesha Stele from the 9th century BC, consisting of points between the words and horizontal strokes between sections.
Per mille (per 1,000), Basis point (per 10,000) ‰ Per mille: Percent, Basis point. Period: The end of a sentence. ¶ Pilcrow: Paragraph mark, paragraph sign, paraph, alinea, or blind P: Section sign ('Silcrow') ⌑ Pillow (non-Unicode name) 'Pillow' is an informal nick-name for the 'Square lozenge' in the travel industry.
These guides—e.g., Jacobi in the U.K. (1890) [15] and MacKellar, Harpel, and De Vinne (1866–1901) in the U.S. [16] —indicated that sentences should be em-spaced, and that words should be 1/3 or 1/2 em-spaced. The relative size of the sentence spacing would vary depending on the size of the word spaces and the justification needs. [17]
In English writing, quotation marks or inverted commas, also known informally as quotes, talking marks, [1] [2] speech marks, [3] quote marks, quotemarks or speechmarks, are punctuation marks placed on either side of a word or phrase in order to identify it as a quotation, direct speech or a literal title or name.
For example, the 1998 edition of Fowler's Modern English Usage used full point for the mark used after an abbreviation, but full stop or full point when it was employed at the end of a sentence; [10] the 2015 edition, however, treats them as synonymous (and prefers full stop), [11] and New Hart's Rules does likewise (but prefers full point). [12]