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In Islam it is considered a blessing to take care of an orphan, in fact it is considered a duty to some. [3] Thus many Muslims say that it is forbidden by Islamic law to adopt a child (in the common sense of the word), but permissible to take care of another child, which is known in Arabic as الكفالة ( kafala ), and is translated ...
Muhammad approved and exhorted certain aspects of the Arab pre-Islamic tradition, such as the care for one's near kin, for widows, orphans, and others in need and for the establishment of justice. However, these values would be re-ordered in importance and placed in the context of strict monotheism .
Islamic adoption is sometimes called "fostering" or "partial adoption" and is similar to "open adoption". [16] Traditionally Islam has viewed legal adoption as a source of potential problems, such as accidentally marrying one's sibling or when distributing inheritance. [17] Adoption was a common practice in pre-Islamic Arabia.
For example, the section of this surah about dealing fairly with orphan girls addresses the pre-Islamic Arabic practice of marrying orphan girls to take their property. [ 7 ] Shirk (refer 4:48 and 4:116 ) [ 8 ] is held to be the worst form of disbelief, and it is identified in the Quran as the only sin that God will not pardon.
Islamic Inheritance jurisprudence is a field of Islamic jurisprudence (Arabic: فقه) that deals with inheritance, a topic that is prominently dealt with in the Qur'an. It is often called Mīrāth, and its branch of Islamic law is technically known as ʿilm al-farāʾiḍ (Arabic: علم الفرائض, "the science of the ordained quotas"). [53]
Muhammad's uncle Abu Talib was the chief of Muhammad's clan, Banu Hashim, in whose household Muhammad (who was an orphan) had lived since the death of his grandfather Abd al-Muttalib. [4] As the clan chief, he granted protection to Muhammad, even as Muhammad gained enmity from some in the Quraish tribe due to his call to Islam. [5]
The Orphans' Decree was a law in the Kingdom of Yemen mandating the forced conversion of Jewish orphans to Islam promulgated by the Zaydi. According to one source, the decree has "no parallel in other countries".
See Al-Nisa (about orphan women and women when the ratio of men to women was inequivalent because of the war during Muhammad's time.) 4:3, 4:129 “If ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly with the ORPHANS, marry women of your choice, two, or three, or four; but if ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then ...