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  2. Bryophyte - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryophyte

    Green algae, bryophytes and vascular plants all have chlorophyll a and b, and the chloroplast structures are similar. [46] Like green algae and land plants, bryophytes also produce starch stored in the plastids and contain cellulose in their walls. [46]

  3. Moss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moss

    The edge of the leaf can be smooth or it may have teeth. There may be a distinct type of cell defining the edge of the leaf, distinct in shape and/or colour from the other leaf cells. [16] Moss has threadlike rhizoids that anchor them to their substrate, comparable to root hairs rather than the more substantial root structures of spermatophytes ...

  4. Leaf - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leaf

    The leaf-like organs of bryophytes (e.g., mosses and liverworts), known as phyllids, differ greatly morphologically from the leaves of vascular plants. In most cases, they lack vascular tissue, are a single cell thick and have no cuticle , stomata, or internal system of intercellular spaces.

  5. Glossary of botanical terms - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glossary_of_botanical_terms

    in bryophytes, a specialized ... A costa is an extension of the petiole into the leaf blade, forming a midrib-like structure. This feature is characteristic of ...

  6. Non-vascular plant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-vascular_plant

    In all bryophytes, the primary plants are the haploid gametophytes, with the only diploid portion being the attached sporophyte, consisting of a stalk and sporangium. Because these plants lack lignified water-conducting tissues, they cannot become as tall as most vascular plants. Algae, especially green algae. The algae consist of several ...

  7. Rhizoid - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhizoid

    Rhizoids are protuberances that extend from the lower epidermal cells of bryophytes and algae. They are similar in structure and function to the root hairs of vascular land plants. Similar structures are formed by some fungi. Rhizoids may be unicellular or multicellular. [1]

  8. Pogonatum urnigerum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pogonatum_urnigerum

    The gametophyte is the first and dominant phase of two alternating phases in a bryophyte's life cycle. This part of the life cycle consists of protonema (the preliminary stage where the propagule develops green thread-like filaments), the rhizoids (filaments growing beneath the bryophyte that help anchor the bryophyte to its substratum), the stem, the leaves, its reproductive structure ...

  9. Protonema - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protonema

    A protonema (plural: protonemata) is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage of development of the gametophyte (the haploid phase) in the life cycle of mosses. When a moss first grows from a spore , it starts as a germ tube , which lengthens and branches into a filamentous complex known as a protonema , from which a leafy ...