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Mons Porphyrites (today Jabal Abu Dukhkhan) is the mountainous site of a group of ancient quarries in the Red Sea Hills of the Eastern Desert in Egypt. Under the Roman Empire, they were the only known source of the purple "imperial" variety of porphyry. They were exploited between the 1st and 5th centuries AD. [1]
To the Romans it was known as Lapis porphyrites. Pliny the Elder's Natural History (36, 11) affirmed that the "Imperial Porphyry" had been discovered in Egypt during the reign of Tiberius; an inscription recently discovered and dated from AD 18 mentions the Roman Caius Cominius Leugas as the finder of this new quarry.
Mons Claudianus was an abundant source of Granodiorite for Rome, and was used in notable Roman structures including Emperor Hadrian's villa at Tivoli, public baths, the floors and columns of the temple of Venus, Diocletian's Palace at Split and the columns of the portico of the Pantheon in Rome were quarried at Mons Claudianus. Each was 39 feet ...
Deir el-Atrash is an archaeological site featuring the remains of a Roman fortlet (praesidium) in Egypt's Eastern Desert.Positioned along the route to Mons Porphyrites, the fort was responsible for securing and supporting caravans transporting goods to and from the porphyry quarries.
The location of the site, known to the Romans as Mons Porphyrites, was lost for many centuries until rediscovered in the 19th century. It was the only source of imperial porphyry in antiquity. The quarry was active during the Greco-Roman period. [1]
The Roman Imperial Quarries: Survey and Excavation at Mons Porphyrites 1994-1998 Volume 2. London: Egypt Exploration Society. V.A. Maxfield. 2001. Stone quarrying in the Eastern Desert with particular reference to Mons Claudianus and Mons Porphyrites. In D. Mattingly and J. Salmon. Economies beyond Agriculture in the Classical World.
Mons Claudianus; Mons Porphyrites This page was last edited on 19 December 2021, at 06:25 (UTC). Text ... Contact Wikipedia; Code of Conduct; Developers; Statistics;
Mons Porphyrites; Q. Quartz-porphyry; Quenast quarry This page was last edited on 4 July 2023, at 08:23 (UTC). Text is available under the Creative Commons ...