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Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) is a qualitative form of psychology research. IPA has an idiographic focus, which means that instead of producing generalization findings, it aims to offer insights into how a given person, in a given context, makes sense of a given situation .
Hermeneutics (/ h ɜːr m ə ˈ nj uː t ɪ k s /) [1] is the theory and methodology of interpretation, [2] [3] especially the interpretation of biblical texts, wisdom literature, and philosophical texts.
Phenomenology or phenomenological psychology, a sub-discipline of psychology, is the scientific study of subjective experiences. [1] It is an approach to psychological subject matter that attempts to explain experiences from the point of view of the subject via the analysis of their written or spoken words. [ 2 ]
Phenomenological description has found widespread application within psychology and the cognitive sciences. For example, Maurice Merleau-Ponty is the first well known phenomenologist to openly mingle the results of empirical research with phenomenologically descriptive research.
In Being and Time, Martin Heidegger reframes Edmund Husserl's phenomenological project into what he terms fundamental ontology.This is based on an observation and analysis of Dasein ("being-there"), human being, investigating the fundamental structure of the Lebenswelt (lifeworld, Husserl's term) underlying all so-called regional ontologies of the special sciences.
The descriptive phenomenological method in psychology [1] [2] was developed by the American psychologist Amedeo Giorgi in the early 1970s. Giorgi based his method on principles laid out by philosophers like Edmund Husserl and Maurice Merleau-Ponty as well as what he had learned from his prior professional experience in psychophysics. [ 3 ]
Bracketing (or epoché) is a preliminary act in the phenomenological analysis, conceived by Husserl as the suspension of the trust in the objectivity of the world. [ 7 ] [ 8 ] It involves setting aside the question of the real existence of a contemplated object, as well as all other questions about the object's physical or objective nature ...
Giorgi has lectured on phenomenological psychology in Europe, Asia, Latin America, Australia and South Africa. He is the founder and original editor (for over 25 years) of the Journal of Phenomenological Psychology and is author of the classic text 'Psychology as a Human Science: A Phenomenologically based Approach' (New York: Harper & Row, 1970).