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The side effects of cyproterone acetate (CPA), a steroidal antiandrogen and progestin, including its frequent and rare side effects, have been studied and characterized.It is generally well-tolerated and has a mild side-effect profile, regardless of dosage, when it used as a progestin or antiandrogen in combination with an estrogen such as ethinylestradiol or estradiol valerate in women.
Cyproterone acetate (CPA), sold alone under the brand name Androcur or with ethinylestradiol under the brand names Diane or Diane-35 among others, is an antiandrogen and progestin medication used in the treatment of androgen-dependent conditions such as acne, excessive body hair growth, early puberty, and prostate cancer, as a component of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender individuals ...
[80] [103] However, antigonadotropic antiandrogens like cyproterone acetate can produce hypoestrogenism, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis in premenopausal women, among other side effects. [ 81 ] [ 104 ] [ 105 ] In addition, androgen receptor antagonists can produce unfavorable effects on cholesterol levels, which long-term may increase the risk of ...
Used for androgen-dependent indications in women and transgender women, particularly in the United States where cyproterone acetate is unavailable. Studied in the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia but was found to be ineffective. Contraindicated in prostate cancer due to weak androgenic activity and stimulation of tumor growth.
[1] [7] Cyproterone acetate acts both directly as an antiandrogen in prostate cancer cells and also functions to indirectly decrease serum testosterone levels. The latter causes the limitations of cyproterone acetate, which are central effects on androgen secretion, with subsequent loss of libido and sexual potency.
Bicalutamide also shows a better safety profile than cyproterone acetate. When used as a high-dosage monotherapy, bicalutamide shows slightly inferior effectiveness in the treatment of prostate cancer compared to castration and GnRH analogues but a different and potentially superior tolerability and safety profile.
But some research has noted rare but serious side effects of once-weekly, 2.4-milligram (mg) semaglutide injections, such as pancreatitis, acute kidney injury, gallbladder issues, and thyroid cancer.
Large observational studies have found no increased risk of liver toxicity or HCC with cyproterone acetate at BCP doses. [45] [46] [47] A fatal case of ALF in a common chimpanzee has also been reported. [48] Sources: [29] [49] [22]