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The 1870s (pronounced "eighteen-seventies") was a decade of the Gregorian calendar that began on January 1, 1870, and ended on December 31, 1879. The trends of the previous decade continued into this one, as new empires , imperialism and militarism rose in Europe and Asia .
The Long Depression was a worldwide price and economic recession, beginning in 1873 and running either through March 1879, or 1899, depending on the metrics used. [1] It was most severe in Europe and the United States, which had been experiencing strong economic growth fueled by the Second Industrial Revolution in the decade following the American Civil War.
The electric arc lights went into regular service on December 20, 1880. The new Brooklyn Bridge of 1883 had seventy arc lamps installed in it. By 1886, there was a reported number of 1,500 arc lights installed in Manhattan. [7] 1880–1883: James Wimshurst of Poplar, London, England invents the Wimshurst Machine.
U.S. territorial extent in 1880. 1880 – University of Southern California founded; 1880 – U.S. population exceeds 50 million; 1880 – U.S. presidential election, 1880: James A. Garfield elected president and Chester A. Arthur vice president. Their popular margin is less than 2,000 votes.
During the 1870s and 1880s, the U.S. economy rose at the fastest rate in its history, with real wages, wealth, GDP, and capital formation all increasing rapidly. [43] For example, from 1865 to 1898, the output of wheat increased by 256%, corn by 222%, coal by 800%, and miles of railway track by 567%. [44]
1870 (United States) The first written contract between coal miners and coal miner operators signed. [18] 1872 (Europe) Karl Marx ejects Mikhail Bakunin and the other anarchists from the International Workingmen's Association 1873 (United States) In 1873 the Brotherhood of Locomotive Firemen was established.
Bustles and elaborate drapery characterize gowns of the early 1870s. The gentleman wears evening dress. Detail of Too Early by James Tissot, 1873.. 1870s fashion in European and European-influenced clothing is characterized by a gradual return to a narrow silhouette after the full-skirted fashions of the 1850s and 1860s.
In the 1870s, the Social Political Workingmen's Society of Cincinnati was formed. In 1876, all four merged into the Workingmen's Party of the United States. In 1877, that became the Socialist Labor Party of North America. In 1877, the racist Workingman's Party was formed in California, led by Denis Kearney.