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A mathematical constant is a key number whose value is fixed by an unambiguous definition, often referred to by a symbol (e.g., an alphabet letter), or by mathematicians' names to facilitate using it across multiple mathematical problems. [1]
Cycles of the unit digit of multiples of integers ending in 1, 3, 7 and 9 (upper row), and 2, 4, 6 and 8 (lower row) on a telephone keypad. Figure 1 is used for multiples of 1, 3, 7, and 9. Figure 2 is used for the multiples of 2, 4, 6, and 8. These patterns can be used to memorize the multiples of any number from 0 to 10, except 5.
A complex number can be visually represented as a pair of numbers (a, b) forming a vector on a diagram called an Argand diagram, representing the complex plane. Re is the real axis, Im is the imaginary axis, and i is the "imaginary unit", that satisfies i 2 = −1.
The California Job Case was a compartmentalized box for printing in the 19th century, sizes corresponding to the commonality of letters. The frequency of letters in text has been studied for use in cryptanalysis, and frequency analysis in particular, dating back to the Arab mathematician al-Kindi (c. AD 801–873 ), who formally developed the method (the ciphers breakable by this technique go ...
The Trachtenberg system is a system of rapid mental calculation.The system consists of a number of readily memorized operations that allow one to perform arithmetic computations very quickly.
For example, a 5.0 earthquake releases 32 times (10 1.5) and a 6.0 releases 1000 times (10 3) the energy of a 4.0. [61] Apparent magnitude measures the brightness of stars logarithmically. [62] In chemistry the negative of the decimal logarithm, the decimal cologarithm, is indicated by the letter p. [63]
American Mathematics Contest 8 (AMC->8), formerly the American Junior High School Mathematics Examination (AJHSME) Math League (grades 4–12) MATHCOUNTS; Mathematical Olympiads for Elementary and Middle Schools (MOEMS) Noetic Learning math contest (grades 2-8) Pi Math Contest (for elementary, middle and high school students)
In mathematics, the floor function is the function that takes as input a real number x, and gives as output the greatest integer less than or equal to x, denoted ⌊x⌋ or floor(x). Similarly, the ceiling function maps x to the least integer greater than or equal to x, denoted ⌈x⌉ or ceil(x). [1]