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Visualization of a software buffer overflow. Data is written into A, but is too large to fit within A, so it overflows into B.. In programming and information security, a buffer overflow or buffer overrun is an anomaly whereby a program writes data to a buffer beyond the buffer's allocated memory, overwriting adjacent memory locations.
Using non-owned memory: It is common to use pointers to access and modify memory. If such a pointer is a null pointer, dangling pointer (pointing to memory that has already been freed), or to a memory location outside of current stack or heap bounds, it is referring to memory that is not then possessed by the program. Using such pointers is a ...
The "sawtooth" pattern of memory utilization: the sudden drop in used memory is a candidate symptom for a memory leak. If the memory leak is in the kernel, the operating system itself will likely fail. Computers without sophisticated memory management, such as embedded systems, may also completely fail from a persistent memory leak.
Canaries or canary words or stack cookies are known values that are placed between a buffer and control data on the stack to monitor buffer overflows. When the buffer overflows, the first data to be corrupted will usually be the canary, and a failed verification of the canary data will therefore alert of an overflow, which can then be handled, for example, by invalidating the corrupted data.
Photo of an Atari 2600 with corrupted RAM. A video that has been corrupted. Epilepsy warning: This video contains bright, flashing images. There are two types of data corruption associated with computer systems: undetected and detected.
PunkBuster is a computer program that is designed to detect software used for cheating in online games.It does this by scanning the memory contents of the local machine. A computer identified as using cheats may be banned from connecting to protected servers.
The fix is to close some programs or install more physical memory. [program name] has stopped working. This message and similar ones are displayed by several operating systems when program causes a general protection fault or invalid page fault .
DRAM memory may provide increased protection against soft errors by relying on error-correcting codes. Such error-correcting memory, known as ECC or EDAC-protected memory, is particularly desirable for highly fault-tolerant applications, such as servers, as well as deep-space applications due to increased radiation.