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  2. Partial derivative - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_derivative

    In mathematics, a partial derivative of a function of several variables is its derivative with respect to one of those variables, with the others held constant (as opposed to the total derivative, in which all variables are allowed to vary). Partial derivatives are used in vector calculus and differential geometry.

  3. Partial differential equation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Partial_differential_equation

    In mathematics, a partial differential equation (PDE) is an equation which involves a multivariable function and one or more of its partial derivatives.. The function is often thought of as an "unknown" that solves the equation, similar to how x is thought of as an unknown number solving, e.g., an algebraic equation like x 2 − 3x + 2 = 0.

  4. ∂ - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%88%82

    The symbol was introduced originally in 1770 by Nicolas de Condorcet, who used it for a partial differential, and adopted for the partial derivative by Adrien-Marie Legendre in 1786. [3] It represents a specialized cursive type of the letter d , just as the integral sign originates as a specialized type of a long s (first used in print by ...

  5. Hessian matrix - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hessian_matrix

    In mathematics, the Hessian matrix, Hessian or (less commonly) Hesse matrix is a square matrix of second-order partial derivatives of a scalar-valued function, or scalar field. It describes the local curvature of a function of many variables.

  6. Matrix calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_calculus

    In mathematics, matrix calculus is a specialized notation for doing multivariable calculus, especially over spaces of matrices.It collects the various partial derivatives of a single function with respect to many variables, and/or of a multivariate function with respect to a single variable, into vectors and matrices that can be treated as single entities.

  7. Notation for differentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notation_for_differentiation

    for the nth derivative. When f is a function of several variables, it is common to use "∂", a stylized cursive lower-case d, rather than "D". As above, the subscripts denote the derivatives that are being taken. For example, the second partial derivatives of a function f(x, y) are: [6]

  8. Differential calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Differential_calculus

    A partial differential equation is a differential equation that relates functions of more than one variable to their partial derivatives. Differential equations arise naturally in the physical sciences, in mathematical modelling, and within mathematics itself.

  9. Method of characteristics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Method_of_characteristics

    In mathematics, the method of characteristics is a technique for solving partial differential equations.Typically, it applies to first-order equations, though in general characteristic curves can also be found for hyperbolic and parabolic partial differential equation.

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