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The term checked vowel is also used to refer to a short vowel followed by a glottal stop in Mixe, which has a distinction between two kinds of glottalized syllable nuclei: checked ones, with the glottal stop after a short vowel, and nuclei with rearticulated vowels, a long vowel with a glottal stop in the middle.
The first syllable of a word is the initial syllable and the last syllable is the final syllable. In languages accented on one of the last three syllables, the last syllable is called the ultima, the next-to-last is called the penult, and the third syllable from the end is called the antepenult.
The following table shows the 24 consonant phonemes found in most dialects of English, plus /x/, whose distribution is more limited. Fortis consonants are always voiceless, aspirated in syllable onset (except in clusters beginning with /s/ or /ʃ/), and sometimes also glottalized to an extent in syllable coda (most likely to occur with /t/, see T-glottalization), while lenis consonants are ...
The stress is nearly always fixed to the first syllable of a word. Exceptions: One-syllable prepositions usually form a unit with following words. Therefore, the stress moves to the prepositions, ˈ Praha ('Prague') → ˈ do Prahy ('to Prague'). This rule is not always applied in words which have four or more syllables: e.g. either ˈ na kolo ...
In closed syllables, e.g. in the word con [kɔn] 'with' In both open and closed syllables when in contact with /r/, e.g. in the words corro [ˈkɔrɔ] 'I run', barro [ˈba̠rɔ] 'mud', and roble [ˈrɔβle] 'oak' In both open and closed syllables when before /x/, e.g. in the word ojo [ˈɔxo] 'eye' In the diphthong [oj], e.g. in the word hoy ...
Normally vowels in stressed open syllables, unless word-final, are long at the end of the intonational phrase (including isolated words) or when emphasized. [ 23 ] [ 24 ] Adjacent identical vowels found at morpheme boundaries are not resyllabified, but pronounced separately ("quickly rearticulated"), and they might be reduced to a single short ...
To determine stress, syllable weight of the penult must be determined. To determine syllable weight, words must be broken up into syllables. [58] In the following examples, syllable structure is represented using these symbols: C (a consonant), K (a stop), R (a liquid), and V (a short vowel), VV (a long vowel or diphthong).
The sound /ɪə/ is usually pronounced as a diphthong (or disyllabically [iːə], like CURE) only in open syllables. In closed syllables, it is distinguished from /ɪ/ primarily by length [6] [7] and from /iː/ by the significant onset in the latter. /e/ tends to be higher than the corresponding vowel in General American or RP.