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Rituximab, sold under the brand name Rituxan among others, is a monoclonal antibody medication used to treat certain autoimmune diseases and types of cancer. [18] It is used for non-Hodgkin lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia (in children and adults, but not recommended in elderly patients), rheumatoid arthritis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura ...
Rituximab: an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, which has the ability to kill B cells, be they normal or malignant; Etoposide : a topoisomerase inhibitor from the group of epipodophyllotoxins; Prednisolone : a glucocorticoid hormone that can cause apoptosis and lysis of both normal and malignant lymphocytes ;
Severe disease is typically treated with a combination of immunosuppressive medications such as rituximab or cyclophosphamide and high-dose corticosteroids to control the symptoms of the disease and azathioprine, methotrexate, or rituximab to keep the disease under control.
Hyper-CVAD chemotherapy is generally reserved for use in the treatment of serious and aggressive forms of hematological malignancy. There are serious side effects and complications arising from the administration of the various agents, which require careful management in an appropriate health-care setting.
More recently, the immunotherapy drug, rituximab has been added to the CHOP chemotherapy regiment to form the R-CHOP chemoimmunotherapy regimen. [2] Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody that binds to the CD20 protein on, e.g. B-cells, and by doing so targets these cells for attack by the hosts adaptive immune system. [13]
Treatments include rituximab, either alone or combined with chemotherapy; obinutuzumab; combination immunotherapy with lenalidomide and rituximab; and radiolabeled monoclonal antibody therapy. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitors such as copanlisib, idelalisib, or duvelisib may be used to treat relapsed indolent lymphoma. [27]
Cancer treatments are a wide range of treatments available for the many different types of cancer, with each cancer type needing its own specific treatment. [1] Treatments can include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, hormonal therapy, targeted therapy including small-molecule drugs or monoclonal antibodies, [2] and PARP inhibitors such as olaparib. [3]
That is, after an antibody is developed to have the desired properties in a mouse (or other non-human), the DNA coding for that antibody can be isolated, cloned into a vector and sequenced (or the DNA can be sequenced directly using single-cell methods). The DNA sequence corresponding to the antibody CDRs can then be determined.