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The Round City of Baghdad is the original core of Baghdad, built by the Abbasid Caliph al-Mansur in 762–766 CE as the official residence of the Abbasid court. Its official name in Abbasid times was City of Peace (Arabic: مدينة السلام, romanized: Madīnat as-Salām).
The name Baghdad is pre-Islamic, and its origin is disputed. [3] The site where the city of Baghdad developed has been populated for millennia. Archaeological evidence shows that the site of Baghdad was occupied by various peoples long before the Arab conquest of Mesopotamia in 637 CE, and several ancient empires had capitals located in the surrounding area.
Round city of Baghdad. Baghdad was founded on 30 July 762 CE. It was designed by Caliph al-Mansur. [1] According to 11th-century scholar Al-Khatib al-Baghdadi in his History of Baghdad, [2] each course of the city wall consisted of 162,000 bricks for the first third of the wall's height.
The mausoleum in the 1960s. Another prominent shrine in this district is that of the Hanbali Sufi saint, Abdul Qadir Gilani, who founded the Qadiriyya order. [5] [6] The complex consist of a mosque, mausoleum, and the library known as Qadiriyya Library, which contains various books for Islam.
Today the surrounding area is referred by its name, where is considered as one of the centers of Baghdad. Bab al-Sharqi (Arabic: باب الشرقي) was located in ash-Sharqi quarter of the old Baghdad at the end of al-Rashid Street. The origin of the gate is the gates of Baghdad during the Ottoman era.
Baghdad was a hub of Islamic learning and scholarship for centuries and served as the capital of the Abbasids. [14] Baghdad also is home to two prominent Shia Imams in what is known as Kadhimiya, Iraq. The city of Karbala has substantial prominence in Shia Islam as a result of the Battle of Karbala, fought in 10 October 680.
In 750, the Abbasid dynasty replaced the Umayyad as the ruling dynasty of the Islamic Empire, and, in 762, the Caliph al-Mansur (r. 754–775) built Baghdad and made it his capital instead of Damascus. Baghdad's location and cosmopolitan population made the perfect location for a stable commercial and intellectual center. [18]
Baghdad, located in Iraq, was once the capital of the Abbasid Caliphate and a center of Islamic advancements. This is a list of mosques in Baghdad from different dynastic periods. Today, there are 912 Congregational mosques in Baghdad that conduct Friday Prayer, and 149 smaller mosques that only hold regular daily prayers. [1]