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A keel or carina (pl.: carinae) in bird anatomy is an extension of the sternum (breastbone) which runs axially along the midline of the sternum and extends outward, perpendicular to the plane of the ribs. The keel provides an anchor to which a bird's wing muscles attach, thereby providing adequate leverage for flight.
Traditionally, Carinatae were defined as all birds whose sternum (breast bone) has a keel (carina). The keel is a strong median ridge running down the length of the sternum. This is an important area for the attachment of flight muscles. Thus, all flying birds have a pronounced keel. Ratites, all of which are flightless, lack a strong keel.
Vocal Bird anatomy: Birds produce sounds through the air that passes through the Syrinx, which is shown close up in the bottom right. In order for birds to produce sound, they use an organ located above the lungs called the syrinx , which is composed of tracheal rings, syringeal muscles, Tympaniform membrane, and internal bony structures that ...
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You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work; to remix – to adapt the work; Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses ...
English: This is an oversimplified cross sectional image of a dome and keel structure not to scale. It is a structure consisting of tonalite-trondhjemite-granodiorite (TTG) diapers shown in orange, with mafic and ultramafic layers, in green, wrapped around them (specifically komatiites and basalts).
Keel (bird anatomy), a perpendicular extension of a bird's breastbone, to which wing muscles anchor; Keel (slug), a morphological feature on the back of some slugs; Caudal keel, in fish; Keeled scales, reptile scales that have a ridge down the center, rather than being smooth; Sagittal keel, a feature of the human skull