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Intellectual giftedness is an intellectual ability significantly higher than average and is also known as high potential.It is a characteristic of children, variously defined, that motivates differences in school programming.
The Genetic Studies of Genius, later known as the Terman Study of the Gifted, [1] is currently the oldest and longest-running longitudinal study in the field of psychology. . It was begun by Lewis Terman at Stanford University in 1921 to examine the development and characteristics of gifted children into adultho
Brody and Mills [1997] argue that this population of students "could be considered the most misunderstood of all exceptionalities". [5] In each situation, the twice-exceptional student's strengths help to compensate for deficits; the deficits, on the other hand, make the child's strengths less apparent [6] although as yet there is no empirical research to confirm this theory.
Clark (2002) defines giftedness as “only a label that society gives to those who have actualized their ability to an unusually high degree or give evidence that such achievement is imminent”. The American government defines giftedness as “students, children or youth who give evidence of high performance capability in areas such as ...
Environment and intelligence research investigates the impact of environment on intelligence. This is one of the most important factors in understanding human group differences in IQ test scores and other measures of cognitive ability.
Controversies concerning gifted education are varied and often highly politicized. They are as basic as agreeing upon the appropriateness of the term gifted or the definition of giftedness. For example, does giftedness refer to performance or potential (such as inherent intelligence)? Many students do not exhibit both at the same time.
In practice, the rater of a preschooler, for example, may not be the same person that spends time with the child. Rating scales, in general, are limited to the informant's perspective. Information that may be relevant to the subject, but that is not covered by the items of the scale will be missed.
Phenylketonuria is an example, [6] with publications documenting the capacity of treated phenylketonuria to produce a reduction of 10 IQ points on average. [47] Meta-analyses have found that environmental factors, such as iodine deficiency , can result in large reductions in average IQ; iodine deficiency has been shown to produce a reduction of ...