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Hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen and chlorine are cheapest by volume at atmospheric pressure. When there is no public data on the element in its pure form, price of a compound is used, per mass of element contained. This implicitly puts the value of compounds' other constituents, and the cost of extraction of the element, at zero.
On June 20, 2006, DuPont and BP announced that they were converting an existing ethanol plant to produce 9 million gallons (34 000 cubic meters) of butanol per year from sugar beets. DuPont stated a goal of being competitive with oil at $30–$40 per barrel ($0.19-$0.25 per liter) without subsidies, so the price gap with ethanol is narrowing.
In South America, the second largest supplier of natural gas is Bolivia. The price which Bolivia is paid for its natural gas is roughly US$3.25 per million British thermal units ($11.1/MWh) to Brazil and $3.18 per million British thermal units ($10.9/MWh) to Argentina. [35]
On May 25, 1902, and after two years of research, Georges Claude developed a process for liquefying air in order to separate the components (oxygen, nitrogen, argon). On November 8, 1902, Paul Delorme gathered twenty-four subscribers, mainly engineers, to financially support the project, [5] and became the first president of "Air liquide, a company for the study and exploitation of Georges ...
Although the liquid nitrogen is colder than the ambient temperature, the liquid nitrogen engine is nevertheless an example of a heat engine.A heat engine runs by extracting thermal energy from the temperature difference between a hot and a cold reservoir; in the case of the liquid nitrogen engine, the "hot" reservoir is the air in the ambient ("room temperature") surroundings, which is used to ...
On 1 June 2024, South African Weather Service reported that South Africa was going under a cut-off low pressure system, which occurs when a low pressure system detaches from a jet stream. The agency predicted that it would stall over the Eastern coast of South Africa area for several days and produce heavy rain, severe winds, and a cold snap ...
The reform raised the price to $0.40 US per liter and later reduced the ration to 60 liters per month. The price for over-quota consumption and the imported cars were $0.70 US per liter. The energy price reform included a cash-rebate program through which each person received 455,000 rials ($15 US) per month from the government.
For liquid nitrogen L, the heat of vaporisation is 200kJ/Kg; The boiling point of liquid nitrogen is 77Kelvin; The temperature of atmospheric air is ~ 300Kelvin; And this gives 570 kilojoules of energy per kg of Liquid nitrogen Lumos3 15:47, 18 July 2005 (UTC) Yep, and the energy density of gasoline is 45,000 kJ/kg.