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  2. Booting process of Linux - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Booting_process_of_Linux

    Systemd load is a runlevel target to get the system in working condition. Running the command systemctl get-default will show the default target. [21] Historically this was the "SysV init", which was just called "init". More recent Linux distributions are likely to use one of the more modern alternatives such as systemd. Below is a summary of ...

  3. ps (Unix) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ps_(Unix)

    Memory address of the process C or CP: CPU usage and scheduling information COMMAND* Name of the process, including arguments, if any NI: nice value F: Flags PID: Process ID number PPID: ID number of the process's parent process PRI: Priority of the process RSS: Resident set size: S or STAT: Process status code START or STIME: Time when the ...

  4. Magic SysRq key - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magic_SysRq_key

    SysRq may be released before pressing the command key, as long as Alt remains held down. The combinations always assume the QWERTY keyboard layout; [citation needed] for example, on the Dvorak keyboard layout, the combination to shut down the system uses the R key instead of O. Furthermore, some keyboards may not provide a separate SysRq key.

  5. Shutdown (computing) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shutdown_(computing)

    In Unix and Linux, the shutdown command can be used to turn off or reboot a computer. Only the superuser or a user with special privileges can shut the system down. One commonly issued form of this command is shutdown -h now, which will shut down a system immediately. Another one is shutdown -r now to reboot.

  6. Runlevel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Runlevel

    Although systemd is, as of 2016, used by default in most major Linux distributions, runlevels can still be used through the means provided by the sysvinit project. After the Linux kernel has booted, the /sbin/init program reads the /etc/inittab file to determine the behavior for each runlevel.

  7. Exit status - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exit_status

    In Unix and other POSIX-compatible systems, the parent process can retrieve the exit status of a child process using the wait() family of system calls defined in wait.h. [10] Of these, the waitid() [ 11 ] call retrieves the full exit status, but the older wait() and waitpid() [ 12 ] calls retrieve only the least significant 8 bits of the exit ...

  8. kill (command) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kill_(command)

    The taskkill command on Microsoft Windows. In Microsoft's command-line interpreter Windows PowerShell, kill is a predefined command alias for the Stop-Process cmdlet. Microsoft Windows XP, Vista and 7 include the command taskkill [5] to terminate processes. The usual syntax for this command is taskkill /im "IMAGENAME".

  9. systemd - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Systemd

    systemd-nspawn may be used to run a command or OS in a namespace container. timedated systemd-timedated is a daemon that can be used to control time-related settings, such as the system time, system time zone , or selection between UTC and local time-zone system clock.