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Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission. Algorithms may take advantage of visual perception and the statistical properties of image data to provide superior results compared with generic data compression methods which are used for other digital data.
Composite image showing JPG and PNG image compression. Left side of the image is from a JPEG image, showing lossy artefacts; the right side is from a PNG image. In the late 1980s, digital images became more common, and standards for lossless image compression emerged. In the early 1990s, lossy compression methods began to be widely used. [14]
Composite image showing JPG and PNG image compression. Left side of the image is from a low-quality JPEG image, showing lossy artefacts; the right side is from a PNG image. In information technology, lossy compression or irreversible compression is the class of data compression methods that uses inexact approximations and partial data ...
Some image file formats, like PNG or GIF, use only lossless compression, while others like TIFF and MNG may use either lossless or lossy methods. Lossless audio formats are most often used for archiving or production purposes, while smaller lossy audio files are typically used on portable players and in other cases where storage space is ...
Lossless compression should be used to avoid accumulating stages of re-compression when editing images. Lossy compression algorithms preserve a representation of the original uncompressed image that may appear to be a perfect copy, but is not a perfect copy. Often lossy compression is able to achieve smaller file sizes than lossless compression.
Continuously varied JPEG compression (between Q=100 and Q=1) for an abdominal CT scan. JPEG (/ ˈ dʒ eɪ p ɛ ɡ / JAY-peg, short for Joint Photographic Experts Group and sometimes retroactively referred to as JPEG 1) [2] [3] is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography.
One method of dimensionality reduction is wavelet transform, in which data is transformed to preserve relative distance between objects at different levels of resolution, and is often used for image compression. [3] An example of dimensionality reduction.
This category includes articles, which includes information on image compression methods and algorithms. For information on graphics file formats see Category:Graphics file formats . Subcategories