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Patrice Émery Lumumba [e] (/ p ə ˈ t r iː s l ʊ ˈ m ʊ m b ə / ⓘ pə-TREESS luu-MUUM-bə; [3] born Isaïe Tasumbu Tawosa; [4] 2 July 1925 – 17 January 1961) was a Congolese politician and independence leader who served as the first prime minister of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then known as the Republic of the Congo) from June until September 1960, following the May 1960 ...
Patrice Lumumba in 1960. The independent Republic of the Congo was declared on 30 June 1960, with Joseph Kasa-Vubu as president and Patrice Lumumba as Prime Minister. [6] The Republic of the Congo was originally a colony of Leopold II of Belgium that was established in 1885. [7]
Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa za Banga [a] (/ m ə ˈ b uː t uː ˈ s ɛ s eɪ ˈ s ɛ k oʊ / ⓘ mə-BOO-too SESS-ay SEK-oh; born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu; 14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997), often shortened to Mobutu Sese Seko or Mobutu and also known by his initials MSS, was a Congolese politician and military officer who was the first and only president of Zaire from 1971 to 1997.
Early in 1961, Patrice Lumumba was assassinated. UN Swedish troops witnessed Lumumba's transfer to Élisabethville after his capture by Mobutu's forces, and he was badly bruised and beaten. [25] He was executed by a Katangan firing squad, and his body was dissolved in acid. [26] Jawaharlal Nehru reacted sharply. Calling it "an international ...
The rebellion, located in the east of the country, was led by the followers of Patrice Lumumba, who had been ousted from power in 1960 by Joseph Kasa-Vubu and Joseph-Désiré Mobutu and subsequently killed in January 1961 in Katanga. The rebellion was contemporaneous with the Kwilu rebellion led by fellow Lumumbist Pierre Mulele in central Congo.
It was created around a charter which was signed by, among others, Patrice Lumumba, Cyrille Adoula and Joseph Iléo, but others accused the party of being too moderate. [16] Lumumba became a leading figure within the MNC, and by the end of 1959, the party claimed to have 58,000 members. [17]
On 5 September 1960 President Joseph Kasa-Vubu of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then Republic of the Congo) dismissed Prime Minister Patrice Lumumba from office. He also dismissed six other members of his government: Deputy Prime Minister Antoine Gizenga, Minister of Justice Rémy Mwamba, Minister of Interior Christophe Gbenye, Minister of Information Anicet Kashamura, Secretary of ...
That day Colonel Mobutu—fearing the ANC would falter due to renewed military opposition and logistical challenges—ordered an end to the campaign without consulting the government. [65] [63] The order led to an argument between Lumumba and Mobutu in which the prime minister threatened to fire the colonel. [63] Nevertheless, fighting continued.