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Drug pollution still remains to be a global problem, since current policy techniques are not adequate enough. Most policy approaches remain to be individualized, expensive, and reactive. [ 8 ] Biomarkers could be extremely helpful in the risk assessment of pharmaceuticals for decision making in regulations.
An additional source to environmental pollution with pharmaceuticals is improper disposal of unused or expired drug residues. In European countries take-back systems for such residues are usually in place (although not always utilized to full extent), while in the US only voluntary initiatives on a local basis exist.
Drug policy is a determining factor on drug production as it partially dictates the methods through which illicit drugs are produced and transported. Thus, when determining such policies the environmental consequences are sometimes overlooked, resulting in effects which magnify the damage done unto the environment. [ 2 ]
The researchers behind the study on fluoxetine pollution are calling for enhanced policies and regulations to minimize pharmaceutical pollution and reduce the threats to aquatic life.
OpEd: A recent essay about Vivitrol made harmful stigmatizations and confused the complicated issue of addiction and recovery.
Pharmaceutical drugs have various known and unknown effects on the environment.. The term environmental persistent pharmaceutical pollutants (EPPP) was first suggested in the nomination in 2010 of pharmaceuticals and environment as an emerging issue in a Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management [1] by the International Society of Doctors for the Environment (ISDE).
The epigenome can be influenced, or “reprogrammed,” by environmental factors like stress, diet, drugs, pollution, and toxicants. Resulting changes can be passed down from cell to cell as they ...
A person using an inhalant. Substance misuse, also known as drug misuse or, in older vernacular, substance abuse, is the use of a drug in amounts or by methods that are harmful to the individual or others.