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  2. Holy Roman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire

    The Holy Roman Empire, [f] also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor. [16] It developed in the Early Middle Ages , and lasted for a millennium until its dissolution in 1806 during the Napoleonic Wars .

  3. Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holy_Roman_Emperor

    The Holy Roman Emperor, originally and officially the Emperor of the Romans (Latin: Imperator Romanorum; German: Kaiser der Römer) during the Middle Ages, and also known as the Roman-German Emperor since the early modern period [1] (Latin: Imperator Germanorum; German: Römisch-Deutscher Kaiser), was the ruler and head of state of the Holy Roman Empire.

  4. List of states in the Holy Roman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_states_in_the_Holy...

    Imperial Reform: In 1495, an attempt was made at a Diet in the city of Worms to give the disintegrating Holy Roman Empire a new structure, commonly referred to as Imperial Reform (in German: Reichsreform). Imperial State (Reichsstand, plural Reichsstände): an entity in the Holy Roman Empire with a vote in the Imperial Diet.

  5. List of wars involving the Holy Roman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_wars_involving_the...

    This is a list of wars involving the Holy Roman Empire (HRE) (962–1806 [1]), since 1512 also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation (German: Heiliges Römisches Reich Deutscher Nation, Latin: Sacrum Imperium Romanum Nationis Germanicæ).

  6. Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_V,_Holy_Roman_Emperor

    The latter territories mostly lay within the Holy Roman Empire and its borders, but were formally divided between fiefs of the Holy Roman Empire and French fiefs such as Charles's birthplace of Flanders, the last remnant of the Burgundian State, a powerful player in the Hundred Years' War. Since he was a minor, his aunt Margaret of Austria ...

  7. Dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissolution_of_the_Holy...

    Marble bust of the final Holy Roman Emperor, Francis II, in a style inspired by ancient Roman marble busts. The defining characteristic of the Holy Roman Empire was the idea that the Holy Roman Emperor represented the leading monarch in Europe and that their empire was the one true continuation of the Roman Empire of Antiquity, through proclamation by the popes in Rome.

  8. Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy_(Holy...

    Imperial Italy within the Holy Roman Empire in 1356 The Italian campaigns of the Holy Roman emperors decreased, but the kingdom did not become wholly meaningless. In 1310 the Luxembourg King Henry VII of Germany with 5,000 men again crossed the Alps, moved into Milan and had himself crowned king of Italy (with a mock-up of the Iron Crown ...

  9. Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Landgraviate_of_Hesse-Kassel

    The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel (German: Landgrafschaft Hessen-Kassel), spelled Hesse-Cassel during its entire existence, [a] also known as the Hessian Palatinate (German: Hessische Pfalz), [2] [3] was a state of the Holy Roman Empire. The state was created in 1567 when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided upon the death of Philip I ...