Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Proton-pump inhibitors have largely superseded the H 2-receptor antagonists, a group of medications with similar effects but a different mode of action, and heavy use of antacids. [3] A potassium-competitive acid blocker (PCAB) revaprazan was marketed in Korea as an alternative to a PPI.
Significant upper gastrointestinal bleeding is considered a medical emergency. Fluid replacement, as well as blood transfusion, may be required. Endoscopy is recommended within 24 hours and bleeding can be stopped by various techniques. [1] Proton pump inhibitors are often used. [2] Tranexamic acid may also be useful. [2]
A blood test including platelets and a clotting screen should be performed prior to administration of anticoagulant regimens in pregnancy. [ 13 ] Subcutaneous tinzaparin may be given at doses of 175 units of antifactor Xa activity per kg, [ 13 ] based on prepregnancy or booking weight at approximately 16 weeks, and not the current weight. [ 13 ]
With a target heart rate of 55 beats per minute B-blockers reduce the absolute risk of bleeding by 10%. [13] Endoscopic band ligation (EBL) is also effective at improving outcomes. [13] Either B-blockers or EBL is recommended as initial preventative measures. [13] In patients who have had a previous variceal bleed both treatments are ...
Sucralfate may be considered to have the advantage over H2-blockers and PPIs in this regard because sucralfate does not change the pH of gastric fluid. A majority of meta-analyses found that sucralfate therapy decreased the incidence of ventilator-associated pneumonia compared to H2-antagonists. [10]
Ball-and-stick model of cimetidine, the prototypical H 2 receptor antagonist. H 2 antagonists, sometimes referred to as H2RAs [1] and also called H 2 blockers, are a class of medications that block the action of histamine at the histamine H 2 receptors of the parietal cells in the stomach. This decreases the production of stomach acid.
Omeprazole is a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI) and its effectiveness is similar to that of other PPIs. [9] It can be taken by mouth or by injection into a vein . [ 1 ] [ 10 ] It is also available in the fixed-dose combination medication omeprazole/sodium bicarbonate as Zegerid [ 11 ] [ 12 ] and as Konvomep.
A derivative of timoprazole, omeprazole, was discovered in 1979, and was the first of a new class of drug that control acid secretion in the stomach, a proton pump inhibitor (PPI). [ 11 ] [ 12 ] Addition of 5-methoxy-substitution to the benzimidazole moiety of omeprazole was also made and gave the compound much more stability at neutral pH. [ 6 ]