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The most common, conventional extraction process involves six steps: pre-treatment of the algal biomass, acid treatment, alkaline extraction, precipitation, bleaching, and drying. [4] Pre-treatments mainly aim at either breaking the cell wall to help extract the alginate, or removing other compounds and contaminants from the algae. [4]
Perstraction is the separation technique developed from liquid-liquid extraction. Due to the presence of the membrane a wider selection of extractants can be used, this can include the use of miscible solutions, for example the recovery of ammonia from waste water using sulphuric acid. [3] This process is analogous to pervaporation in some ways ...
Mixer-settler scheme. Mixer settlers are a class of mineral process equipment used in the solvent extraction process. A mixer settler consists of a first stage that mixes the phases together followed by a quiescent settling stage that allows the phases to separate by gravity.
Calcium alginate is a water-insoluble, gelatinous, cream-coloured substance that can be created through the addition of aqueous calcium chloride to aqueous sodium alginate. Calcium alginate is also used for entrapment of enzymes and forming artificial seeds in plant tissue culture.
An immobilized enzyme is an enzyme, with restricted mobility, attached to an inert, insoluble material—such as calcium alginate (produced by reacting a mixture of sodium alginate solution and enzyme solution with calcium chloride). This can provide increased resistance to changes in conditions such as pH or temperature.
Spherification of tea Spherification of apple juice. Spherification is a culinary process that employs sodium alginate and either calcium chloride or calcium glucate lactate to shape a liquid into squishy spheres which visually and texturally resemble roe.
Solid-phase microextraction sampling. Solid phase microextraction, or SPME, is a solid phase extraction sampling technique that involves the use of a fiber coated with an extracting phase, that can be a liquid or a solid (), [1] which extracts different kinds of analytes (including both volatile and non-volatile) from different kinds of media, that can be in liquid or gas phase. [2]
Reactive dye printing is a method of printing fabrics using reactive dye incorporated into a paste or wax including components such as sodium alginate gum, soda ash, urea and kerosin. Typically, the dye is dried at 130 degrees and cured at 180 degrees to permanently bond it, and the fabric later treated with a softener for better hand feel.