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  2. Sensitivity and specificity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sensitivity_and_specificity

    Specificity (true negative rate) is the probability of a negative test result, conditioned on the individual truly being negative. If the true status of the condition cannot be known, sensitivity and specificity can be defined relative to a " gold standard test " which is assumed correct.

  3. Likelihood ratios in diagnostic testing - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Likelihood_ratios_in...

    They use the sensitivity and specificity of the test to determine whether a test result usefully changes the probability that a condition (such as a disease state) exists. The first description of the use of likelihood ratios for decision rules was made at a symposium on information theory in 1954. [ 1 ]

  4. Positive and negative predictive values - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Positive_and_negative...

    The negative predictive value is defined as: = + = where a "true negative" is the event that the test makes a negative prediction, and the subject has a negative result under the gold standard, and a "false negative" is the event that the test makes a negative prediction, and the subject has a positive result under the gold standard.

  5. Evaluation of binary classifiers - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evaluation_of_binary...

    Specificity (SPC) or True Negative Rate (TNR) is the proportion of people that tested negative and are negative (True Negative, TN) of all the people that actually are negative (Condition Negative, CN = TN + FP). As with sensitivity, it can be looked at as the probability that the test result is negative given that the patient is not sick. With ...

  6. Youden's J statistic - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Youden's_J_statistic

    Youden's J statistic is = + = + with the two right-hand quantities being sensitivity and specificity.Thus the expanded formula is: = + + + = (+) (+) In this equation, TP is the number of true positives, TN the number of true negatives, FP the number of false positives and FN the number of false negatives.

  7. These Are the Best New Songs We Heard This Month - AOL

    www.aol.com/best-songs-heard-month-142900895.html

    We finally—finally—made it to the end of the year.And though the music releases have gone from summer’s deluge to a steady trickle, that doesn’t mean there aren’t some great new songs in ...

  8. Pre- and post-test probability - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre-_and_post-test_probability

    Diagram relating pre- and post-test probabilities, with the green curve (upper left half) representing a positive test, and the red curve (lower right half) representing a negative test, for the case of 90% sensitivity and 90% specificity, corresponding to a likelihood ratio positive of 9, and a likelihood ratio negative of 0.111.

  9. Markets stumble as Wall Street sells off Big Tech - AOL

    www.aol.com/dow-tumbles-500-points-wall...

    US stocks ended Friday in the red, closing out a lackluster week despite a year of historic highs. The “Magnificent Seven” group of high-performing tech stocks — Alphabet, Amazon, Apple ...