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A middle ear implant is a hearing device that is surgically implanted into the middle ear. They help people with conductive, sensorineural or mixed hearing loss to hear. [1] Middle ear implants work by improving the conduction of sound vibrations from the middle ear to the inner ear. There are two types of middle ear devices: active and passive.
They develop and manufacture products including cochlear implants, middle ear implants and bone conduction systems. MED-EL is a privately owned company and is run by its co-founder and CEO Ingeborg Hochmair, a scientist and researcher in the field of hearing implants. [2] The company headquarters are in Innsbruck, Austria.
The parallel processing of these signals, however, is performed separately and optimized for both acoustic hearing (focusing on low-frequency hearing) and cochlear implant stimulation (focusing on high-frequency hearing). The hearing aid is integrated in the ear hook and the amplified signals are forwarded to the auditory pathway via an ear mould.
Cochlear implants as well as bone conduction implants can help with single sided deafness. Middle ear implants or bone conduction implants can help with conductive hearing loss. [31] People with cochlear implants are at a higher risk for bacterial meningitis. Thus, meningitis vaccination is recommended. [33]
The most significant recovery was found to occur during the first 15 minutes following cessation of the noise exposure. [13] [14] When sufficient recovery time is not allotted, the effects become permanent, resulting in acquired noise-induced hearing loss. [12] Up to 120 minutes of recovery time can be required of noises of only 95 dB. [12]
Conductive hearing loss (CHL) occurs when there is a problem transferring sound waves anywhere along the pathway through the outer ear, tympanic membrane (eardrum), or middle ear . If a conductive hearing loss occurs in conjunction with a sensorineural hearing loss, it is referred to as a mixed hearing loss.
This procedure is required if there is a damage to the bone chain of the middle ear. Commonly affected bone is the long process of incus, where it gets necrosed. The bone chain can be repaired using autograft of incus or cartilage. Prosthetic implants made of hydroxyapatite or teflon are also used.
A complication in single-sided deafness is hearing impairment in the hearing ear. Conventional ear surgery involves a risk of hearing loss due to the surgical procedure. Ear surgeons may be reluctant to perform surgery on an only hearing ear. [13] The BAHA surgery avoids this risk and may be an appropriate treatment.