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  2. Bond valence method - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_valence_method

    Compounds can be constructed by linking carbon and hydrogen atoms with bonds that are all exactly equivalent. Under certain conditions, nitrogen can form three bonds and oxygen two, but since nitrogen and oxygen typically also form hydrogen bonds , the resulting N-H and O-H bonds have valences less than 1.0 vu, leading through the application ...

  3. Antenna equivalent radius - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_equivalent_radius

    Exponentiation of both side leads to the formula for the equivalent radius. The formula for the equivalent radius provides consistent results. If the conductor cross-section dimensions are scaled by a factor , the equivalent radius is scaled by | |. Also, the equivalent radius of a cylindrical conductor is equal to the radius of the conductor.

  4. Equivalent width - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equivalent_width

    The equivalent width of a spectral line is a measure of the area of the line on a plot of intensity versus wavelength in relation to underlying continuum level. It is found by forming a rectangle with a height equal to that of continuum emission, and finding the width such that the area of the rectangle is equal to the area in the spectral line.

  5. Specific weight - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Specific_weight

    The specific weight, also known as the unit weight (symbol γ, the Greek letter gamma), is a volume-specific quantity defined as the weight W divided by the volume V of a material: = / Equivalently, it may also be formulated as the product of density, ρ, and gravity acceleration, g: = Its unit of measurement in the International System of Units (SI) is newton per cubic metre (N/m 3), with ...

  6. Antenna gain-to-noise-temperature - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antenna_gain-to-noise...

    The earth station aperture should make a compromise between the space overhead (equivalent rent bandwidth) and ground overhead (antenna aperture) in order to make the system achieve optimum allocation. Achievable G/T with current VSAT antenna in C & Ku Bands (Elevation Angle E=35 Degree) Diameter G/T 3.8m 21.7 7.5m 25.3 11m 31.7

  7. Electron mobility - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electron_mobility

    As , where is the scattering cross section for electrons and holes at a scattering center and is a thermal average (Boltzmann statistics) over all electron or hole velocities in the lower conduction band or upper valence band, temperature dependence of the mobility can be determined. In here, the following definition for the scattering cross ...

  8. Anderson's rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anderson's_rule

    The band gap (usually given the symbol ) gives the energy difference between the lower edge of the conduction band and the upper edge of the valence band. Each semiconductor has different electron affinity and band gap values. For semiconductor alloys it may be necessary to use Vegard's law to calculate these values.

  9. List of equations in nuclear and particle physics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_equations_in...

    Quantity (common name/s) (Common) symbol/s Defining equation SI units Dimension Number of atoms N = Number of atoms remaining at time t. N 0 = Initial number of atoms at time t = 0