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Coenocyte of Sphaeroforma arctica Botrydium, showing a coenocytic body. A coenocyte (/ ˈ s iː n ə ˌ s aɪ t /) is a multinucleate cell which can result from multiple nuclear divisions without their accompanying cytokinesis, in contrast to a syncytium, which results from cellular aggregation followed by dissolution of the cell membranes inside the mass. [1]
Selection coefficient, usually denoted by the letter s, is a measure used in population genetics to quantify the relative fitness of a genotype compared to other genotypes. . Selection coefficients are central to the quantitative description of evolution, since fitness differences determine the change in genotype frequencies attributable to selecti
Coenobium or coenobia may refer to : Cenobitic monasticism (cenobium, cenobite), a monastic community in a tradition stressing communal life, as opposite to eremitism Coenobium (morphology) , a colony of cells, notably in algae
Pediastrum is a genus of green algae, in the family Hydrodictyaceae. [1] It is a photoautotrophic, nonmotile coenobial green alga that inhabits freshwater environments. The name Pediastrum comes from the Greek root words pedion, meaning "plane", and astron, meaning "star", referring to its overall shape.
The first and most common function to estimate fitness of a trait is linear ω =α +βz, which represents directional selection. [1] [10] The slope of the linear regression line (β) is the selection gradient, ω is the fitness of a trait value z, and α is the y-intercept of the fitness function.
For example, if p=0.7, then q must be 0.3. In other words, if the allele frequency of A equals 70%, the remaining 30% of the alleles must be a, because together they equal 100%. [5] For a gene that exists in two alleles, the Hardy–Weinberg equation states that (p 2) + (2pq) + (q 2) = 1. If we apply this equation to our flower color gene, then
To calculate the transformation efficiency, divide the number of colonies by the number of cells plated and multiply by 100. The result will be the transformation efficiency as a percentage. For example, if you plate 1x 10 7 cells and count 1000 colonies, the transformation efficiency is: (1000/1x 10 7) x 100 = 0.1%
When its assumptions are met, the estimator is unbiased and the variance of the estimator decreases with increasing sample size or recombination rate. However, the estimator can be biased by population structure. For example, ^ is downwardly biased in an exponentially growing population. It can also be biased by violation of the infinite-sites ...