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Reperfusion injury, sometimes called ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) or reoxygenation injury, is the tissue damage caused when blood supply returns to tissue (re-+ perfusion) after a period of ischemia or lack of oxygen (anoxia or hypoxia).
Emergency bypass surgery for the treatment of an acute myocardial infarction (MI) is less common than PCI or thrombolysis. From 1995 to 2004, the percentage of people with cardiogenic shock treated with primary PCI rose from 27.4% to 54.4%, while the increase in coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) was only from 2.1% to 3.2%. [ 34 ]
Severe hemorrhage is managed either with vascular embolization or damage control surgical techniques such as abdominal packing or removal of non-essential organs. [2] However, in patients with severe hemorrhagic shock at risk for cardiovascular collapse, emergency thoracotomy with aortic cross clamping may be performed though outcomes are ...
For coronary artery disease (ischemic heart disease), coronary artery bypass surgery and percutaneous coronary intervention (coronary balloon angioplasty) are the two primary means of revascularization. [2] When those cannot be done, transmyocardial revascularization or percutaneous myocardial revascularization, done with a laser, may be an option.
Post-cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) is an inflammatory state of pathophysiology that can occur after a patient is resuscitated from a cardiac arrest. [1] While in a state of cardiac arrest, the body experiences a unique state of global ischemia.
In children <10 years of age, the cause is usually vascular injury or infection [78]. In children >14 years of age, the cause is usually due to trauma or surgical positioning [ 79 ] . Treatment for compartment syndrome in children is the same as adults [ 72 ] .
Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome, also known as reperfusion syndrome, is a dysregulated state of cerebral blood flow following the restoration of arterial blood flow to the brain, usually following treatment of carotid artery stenosis. [1]
Pain distal to the fistula. Symptoms are graded by their severity: [3] Grade 0: No symptoms of steal; Grade 1: Mild - cool extremity, improvement in hand pulse with access occlusion; Grade 2: Moderate - Ischemic symptoms during dialysis; Grade 3: Severe - Ischemic hand pain outside of dialysis; Ulcers or gangrene of the fingers