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Tooth wear is predominantly the result of a combination of three processes; attrition, abrasion and erosion. [3] These forms of tooth wear can further lead to a condition known as abfraction , [ 3 ] where by tooth tissue is 'fractured' due to stress lesions caused by extrinsic forces on the enamel.
Dental attrition is a type of tooth wear caused by tooth-to-tooth contact, [1] resulting in loss of tooth tissue, usually starting at the incisal or occlusal surfaces. Tooth wear is a physiological process and is commonly seen as a normal part of aging.
The aetiology of dental abrasion can be due to a single stimulus or, as in most cases, multi-factorial. [6] The most common cause of dental abrasion is the combination of mechanical and chemical wear. Tooth brushing is the most common cause of dental abrasion, which is found to develop along the gingival margin, due to vigorous brushing in this ...
Abfraction is a theoretical concept explaining a loss of tooth structure not caused by tooth decay (non-carious cervical lesions). It is suggested that these lesions are caused by forces placed on the teeth during biting, eating, chewing and grinding; the enamel , especially at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ), undergoes large amounts of stress ...
Acid erosion is a type of tooth wear.It is defined as the irreversible loss of tooth structure due to chemical dissolution by acids not of bacterial origin. [1] Dental erosion is the most common chronic condition of children ages 5–17, [2] although it is only relatively recently that it has been recognised as a dental health problem. [3]
Traditionally, the believed aetiological causes for NCCL have been erosion and abrasion. [2] However, in the past few decades, abfraction has been implicated as a possible contributing factor of NCCLs as well. Bartlett and Shah propose that NCCLs arise from a combination of all three factors: erosion, abrasion and possibly abfraction as well. [3]
Abfraction is another type of tooth wear that is postulated to occur with bruxism, although some still argue whether this type of tooth wear is a reality. [15] Abfraction cavities are said to occur usually on the facial aspect of teeth, in the cervical region as V-shaped defects caused by flexing of the tooth under occlusal forces.
Causes of wear can be mechanical (e.g., erosion) or chemical (e.g., corrosion). The study of wear and related processes is referred to as tribology. Wear in machine elements, together with other processes such as fatigue and creep, causes functional