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In molecular biology, the ter site, also known as DNA replication terminus binding-site, refers to a protein domain which binds to the DNA replication terminus site. Ter-binding proteins are found in some bacterial species, and include the Tus protein which is part of the common Ter-Tus binding domain. They are required for the termination of ...
Replication terminator Tus family. Representation of the x-ray crystal structure of Tus-Ter protein-DNA complex. (Jmol rendering of coordinates from. [1] The DNA strands are shown in pink and green.) Tus, also known as terminus utilization substance, is a protein that binds to terminator sequences and acts as a counter- helicase when it comes ...
The replication fork is a structure that forms within the long helical DNA during DNA replication. It is produced by enzymes called helicases that break the hydrogen bonds that hold the DNA strands together in a helix. The resulting structure has two branching "prongs", each one made up of a single strand of DNA.
The replisome is a complex molecular machine that carries out replication of DNA. The replisome first unwinds double stranded DNA into two single strands. For each of the resulting single strands, a new complementary sequence of DNA is synthesized.
Each half of the chromosome replicated by one replication fork is called a "replichore". (Graphic computer art by Daniel Yuen) A circular chromosome is a chromosome in bacteria, archaea, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, in the form of a molecule of circular DNA, unlike the linear chromosome of most eukaryotes. Most prokaryote chromosomes contain ...
Indication of the origin and terminus of DNA replication on a GC skew and cumulative GC skew plot. Richness of G over T in the leading strand, resulting in a GC skew sign at the origin and terminus. GC skew is when the nucleotides guanine and cytosine are over- or under-abundant in a particular region of DNA or RNA. GC skew is also a ...
The temporal order of replication of all the segments in the genome, called its replication-timing program, can now be easily measured in two different ways. [1] One way simply measures the amount of the different DNA sequences along the length of the chromosome per cell. Sequences that duplicate first, long before cell division, will be more ...
A distinct group of DNA-binding proteins is the DNA-binding proteins that specifically bind single-stranded DNA. In humans, replication protein A is the best-understood member of this family and is used in processes where the double helix is separated, including DNA replication, recombination, and DNA repair. [123]