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Max Ernst, The Elephant Celebes, 1921. The word surrealism was first coined in March 1917 by Guillaume Apollinaire. [10] He wrote in a letter to Paul Dermée: "All things considered, I think in fact it is better to adopt surrealism than supernaturalism, which I first used" [Tout bien examiné, je crois en effet qu'il vaut mieux adopter surréalisme que surnaturalisme que j'avais d'abord employé].
André Breton famously used to "haunt" the museum and regarded Moreau as a precursor of Surrealism. In his Manifesto of Surrealism, he listed forerunners of the movement, poets and painters who "could pass for Surrealist", and included Moreau with Picasso, de Chirico, and a short list of other examples. [24]: 26–27 p.
The Surrealist movement has been a fractious one since its inception. The value and role of the various techniques has been one of many subjects of disagreement. Some Surrealists consider automatism and games to be sources of inspiration only, while others consider them starting points for finished works.
The Surrealist Manifesto refers to several publications by Yvan Goll and André Breton, leaders of rival surrealist groups. Goll and Breton both published manifestos in October 1924 titled Manifeste du surréalisme. Breton wrote a second manifesto in 1929, which was published the following year, and in 1942, a reflection or a commentary on the ...
The affluence of Fukuzawa's family permitted him to study European art in France between 1924 and 1931. [7] Paris was the nexus from which Fukuzawa found inspiration in European Surrealism, mainly through Max Ernst's collage series La Femme 100 Tetes (1929) and the paintings of Giorgio de Chirico.
[1] [2] Widely recognized as a major figure of the European avant-garde, he had a particularly strong influence on twentieth-century theatre through his conceptualization of the Theatre of Cruelty. [ 3 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] Known for his raw, surreal and transgressive work, his texts explored themes from the cosmologies of ancient cultures, philosophy ...
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An English-language modernist group founded in 1914 that poetry based on description rather than theme, and on the motto, "the natural object is always the adequate symbol" [94] Ezra Pound, H.D., Richard Aldington: Dada: Touted by its proponents as anti-art, the Dada avant-garde focused on going against artistic norms and conventions [95]