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A pyrotechnic composition is a substance or mixture of substances designed to produce an effect by heat, light, sound, gas/smoke or a combination of these, as a result of non-detonative self-sustaining exothermic chemical reactions. Pyrotechnic substances do not rely on oxygen from external sources to sustain the reaction.
Pyrotechnic initiators are often controlled electrically (called electro-pyrotechnic initiators), e.g. using a heated bridgewire or a bridge resistor. They are somewhat similar to blasting caps or other detonators, but they differ in that there is no intention to produce a shock wave. An example of such pyrotechnic initiator is an electric match.
Pyrophosphoric acid, also known as diphosphoric acid, is the inorganic compound with the formula H 4 P 2 O 7 or, more descriptively, [(HO) 2 P(O)] 2 O. Colorless and odorless, it is soluble in water, diethyl ether, and ethyl alcohol. The anhydrous acid crystallizes in two polymorphs, which melt at 54.3 and 71.5 °C.
Triethylaluminium thickened with polyisobutylene is used as an incendiary weapon, as a pyrophoric alternative to napalm; e.g., in the M74 clip holding four rockets for the M202A1 launchers. [15] In this application it is known as TPA, for thickened pyrotechnic agent or thickened pyrophoric agent. The usual amount of the thickener is 6%.
Fertilizers are applied to crops both as solids and as liquid. About 90% of fertilizers are applied as solids. The most widely used solid inorganic fertilizers are urea, diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride. [54] Solid fertilizer is typically granulated or powdered. Often solids are available as prills, a solid globule. Liquid ...
Phosphate is the conjugate base of phosphoric acid, which is produced on a massive scale for use in fertilisers. Being triprotic, phosphoric acid converts stepwise to three conjugate bases: H 3 PO 4 + H 2 O ⇌ H 3 O + + H 2 PO 4 − K a1 = 7.25×10 −3 H 2 PO 4 − + H 2 O ⇌ H 3 O + + HPO 4 2− K a2 = 6.31×10 −8
The majority of ionic perchlorates are commercially produced salts commonly used as oxidizers for pyrotechnic devices and for their ability to control static electricity in food packaging. [3] Additionally, they have been used in rocket propellants, fertilizers, and as bleaching agents in the paper and textile industries.
Tetraboric acid or pyroboric acid is a chemical compound with empirical formula H 2 B 4 O 7. [2] It is a colourless water-soluble solid formed by the dehydration or polymerization boric acid . Tetraboric acid is formally the parent acid of the tetraborate anion [B 4 O 7 ] 2− .