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DKA often has serum glucose level greater than 300 mg/dL (HHS is >600 mg/dL). [6] DKA usually occurs in type 1 diabetics whereas HHS is more common in type 2 diabetics. [6] DKA is characterized by a rapid onset, and HHS occurs gradually over a few days. [6] DKA also is characterized by ketosis due to the breakdown of fat for energy. [6]
The development of heated humidified high flow started in 1999 with Vapotherm introducing the concept of high flow use with race horses. [2]High flow was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in the early 2000s and used as an alternative to positive airway pressure for treatment of apnea of prematurity in neonates. [3]
Vonoprazan, sold under the brand name Voquezna among others, is a first-in-class potassium-competitive acid blocker medication. [2] [1] Vonoprazan is used in form of the fumarate for the treatment of gastroduodenal ulcer (including some drug-induced peptic ulcers) and reflux esophagitis, and can be combined with antibiotics for the eradication of Helicobacter pylori.
A single 15 mg dose of mirtazapine to healthy volunteers has been found to result in over 80% occupancy of the H 1 receptor and to induce intense sleepiness. [92] After a short period of chronic treatment, however, the H 1 receptor tends to sensitize and the antihistamine effects become more tolerable. Many patients may also dose at night to ...
Tolvaptan, sold under the brand name Samsca among others, is an aquaretic drug that functions as a selective, competitive vasopressin receptor 2 (V 2) antagonist used to treat hyponatremia (low blood sodium levels) associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH).
Alogliptin, sold under the brand names Nesina and Vipidia, [2] [3] is an oral anti-diabetic drug in the DPP-4 inhibitor (gliptin) class. [4] Like other members of the gliptin class, it causes little or no weight gain, exhibits relatively little risk of hypoglycemia, and has relatively modest glucose-lowering activity. [1]
Racepinefrine (INN Tooltip International Nonproprietary Name, USAN Tooltip United States Adopted Name), or racepinephrine, sold under the brand name Vaponefrin among others, is a sympathomimetic medication described as a vasoconstrictor, bronchodilator, cardiostimulant, mydriatic, and antiglaucoma agent.
Finerenone, marketed under the brand name Kerendia among others, is a medication used to reduce the risk of kidney function decline, kidney failure, cardiovascular death, non-fatal heart attacks, and hospitalization for heart failure in adults with chronic kidney disease associated with type 2 diabetes. [8]