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The Marie Byrd Land makes up a large portion of West Antarctica, consisting of the Area below the Antarctic Peninsula. The Marie Byrd land is a large formation of volcanic rock, characterized by 18 exposed and subglacial volcanoes. 16 of the 18 volcanoes are entirely covered by the antarctic ice sheet. [ 10 ]
Antarctica is the fifth-largest continent, being about 40% larger than Europe, and has an area of 14,200,000 km 2 (5,500,000 sq mi). Most of Antarctica is covered by the Antarctic ice sheet, with an average thickness of 1.9 km (1.2 mi).
West Antarctica, or Lesser Antarctica, one of the two major regions of Antarctica, is the part of that continent that lies within the Western Hemisphere, and includes the Antarctic Peninsula. It is separated from East Antarctica by the Transantarctic Mountains and is covered by the West Antarctic Ice Sheet .
Marie Byrd Land (MBL) is an unclaimed region of Antarctica. With an area of 1,610,000 km 2 (620,000 sq mi), it is the largest unclaimed territory on Earth. It was named after the wife of American naval officer Richard E. Byrd, who explored the region in the early 20th century. [1]
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Tierra del Fuego, the southernmost tip of South America, is about 1,000 km (620 miles) away across the Drake Passage. [1] The Antarctic Peninsula is 522,000 square kilometres (202,000 sq mi) in area and 80% ice-covered. [2]
However, this area is covered by the Ross Ice Shelf. The southernmost open sea is also part of Ross Sea, namely Bay of Whales at 78°30'S, at the edge of Ross Ice Shelf. The northernmost extremity of the Antarctic mainland (without nearshore islands) is Prime Head , at the northern tip of the Trinity Peninsula at 63°12′48″S 57°18′08″W ...
The bedrock topography of Antarctica, critical to understand dynamic motion of the continental ice sheets. [1]The Antarctic ice sheet covers an area of almost 14 million square kilometres (5.4 million square miles) and contains 26.5 million cubic kilometres (6,400,000 cubic miles) of ice. [6]