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Superheated steam was widely used in main line steam locomotives. Saturated steam has three main disadvantages in a steam engine: it contains small droplets of water which have to be periodically drained from the cylinders; being precisely at the boiling point of water for the boiler pressure in use, it inevitably condenses to some extent in the steam pipes and cylinders outside the boiler ...
A high-pressure steam locomotive is a steam locomotive with a boiler that operates at pressures well above what would be considered normal for other locomotives. Most locomotives operate with a steam pressure of 200 to 300 psi (1.38 to 2.07 MPa). [1] In the later years of steam, boiler pressures were typically 200 to 250 psi (1.38 to 1.72 MPa).
A superheated boiler on a steam locomotive. L.D. Porta gives the following equation determining the efficiency of a steam locomotive, applicable to steam engines of all kinds: power (kW) = steam Production (kg h −1)/Specific steam consumption (kg/kW h). A greater quantity of steam can be generated from a given quantity of water by ...
A steam locomotive operating at 350 psi (2,400 kPa) would have a temperature of about 220 °C (400 °F), and a specific enthalpy of 960 kJ/kg (440 kJ/lb). [6] Since standard pressure saturated water has a specific enthalpy of just 420 kJ/kg (190 kJ/lb), [ 7 ] the difference between the two specific enthalpies, 540 kJ/kg (240 kJ/lb), is the ...
Boiler pressure of the G 4/5s was originally 13 standard atmospheres (1.32 MPa; 191 psi), and was increased to 14 standard atmospheres (1.42 MPa; 206 psi) for locomotives 105 and 106. In the case of the superheated locomotives, this value could ultimately be lowered again to 12 standard atmospheres (1.22 MPa; 176 psi).
Union Pacific 4014 is a preserved 4884-1 class 4-8-8-4 "Big Boy" type steam locomotive owned and operated by the Union Pacific (UP) as part of its heritage fleet.Built in November 1941 by American Locomotive Company (ALCO) in Schenectady, New York, it was assigned to haul heavy freight trains in the Wasatch mountain range.
Fireless steam locomotive Despite the resemblance to a boiler, note the lack of a chimney and also how the cylinders are at the cab end, not the chimney end. In other industrial applications steam is used for energy storage, which is introduced and extracted by heat transfer, usually through pipes.
Typical explosion peak overpressure needed to break glass windows (approximate) [40] 2 kPa Pressure of popping popcorn (very approximate) [41] [42] 2.6 kPa 0.38 psi Pressure at which water boils at room temperature (22 °C) (20 mmHg) [43] 5 kPa 0.8 psi Blood pressure fluctuation (40 mmHg) between heartbeats for a typical healthy adult [44] [45 ...