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This leaves three remaining nuclei on the micropylar end and three remaining nuclei on the antipodal end. The nuclei on the micropylar end is composed of an egg cell, two synergid cells, and the micropyle, an opening that allows the pollen tube to enter the structure. [4] The nuclei on the antipodal end are simply known as the antipodal cells. [5]
One sperm fertilizes the egg cell and the other sperm fuses with the two polar nuclei of the large central cell of the megagametophyte. The haploid sperm and haploid egg fuse to form a diploid zygote, the process being called syngamy , while the other sperm and the diploid central cell fuse to form a triploid primary endosperm cell (triple fusion).
Once the pollen tube reaches an ovule, it bursts to deliver the two sperm cells. One of the sperm cells fertilizes the egg cell which develops into an embryo, which will become the future plant. The other one fuses with both polar nuclei of the central cell to form the endosperm, which serves as the embryo's
Depending on the species, these nuclei fuse before or upon fertilization of the central cell. The three nuclei at the end of the cell near the micropylar become the egg apparatus, with an egg cell in the center and two synergids. At the other end of the cell, a cell wall forms around the nuclei and forms the antipodals.
Plumule – the part of an embryo that give rise to the shoot system of a plant. Polar nuclei – Radicle – initial root-determined cells (Root apical meristem). Scutellum – Synergid – Tegmen – Testa – the seed coat; develops from the integuments after fertilization. [16] Sarcotesta – a fleshy seed coat. Sclerotesta – a hard seed ...
English: A simple diagram of a plant leaf cell, labelled with numbers. It shows the cytoplasm, nucleus, cell membrane, cell wall, mitochondria, permanent vacuole, and chloroplasts. Note going down the left the numbers are not sequential, this is to match the numbering on others in the series. Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Cell membrane; Mitochondrion ...
The nuclei from the gametes fuse, and each gamete contributes half of the genetic material of the zygote. Multiple cell divisions by mitosis (without change in the number of chromosomes) then develop into a multicellular diploid phase or generation. In plants, the diploid phase, known as the sporophyte, produces spores by
Location of ovules inside a Helleborus foetidus flower. In seed plants, the ovule is the structure that gives rise to and contains the female reproductive cells. It consists of three parts: the integument, forming its outer layer, the nucellus (or remnant of the megasporangium), and the female gametophyte (formed from a haploid megaspore) in its center.