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The swim bladder, gas bladder, fish maw, or air bladder is an internal gas-filled organ in bony fish (but not cartilaginous fish [1]) that functions to modulate buoyancy, and thus allowing the fish to stay at desired water depth without having to maintain lift via swimming, which expends more energy. [2]
Weberian apparatus and air-bladder of a carp. The Weberian apparatus is an anatomical structure that connects the swim bladder to the auditory system in fishes belonging to the superorder Ostariophysi. When it is fully developed in adult fish, the elements of the apparatus are sometimes collectively referred to as the Weberian ossicles or Weber ...
[37]: p. 219 In freshwater fish the bladder is a key site of absorption for many major ions [38] in marine fish urine is held in the bladder for extended periods to maximise water absorption. [38] The urinary bladders of fish and tetrapods are thought to be analogous while the former's swim-bladders and latter's lungs are considered homologous.
English: Schematic drawing of inner anatomy of a teleost fish: 1 liver, 2 stomach, 3 intestine, 4 heart, 5 swim bladder, 6 kidney, 7 testicle, 8 ureter, 9 efferent duct, 10 urinary bladder, 11 gills Deutsch: Schematische Zeichnung der inneren Anatomie eines Knochenfischs: 1 Leber, 2 Magen, 3 Darm, 4 Herz, 5 Schwimmblase, 6 Niere, 7 Hoden, 8 ...
The swim bladder helps fish adjusting their buoyancy through manipulation of gases, which allows them to stay at the current water depth, or ascend or descend without having to waste energy in swimming. In the more primitive groups like some minnows, the swim bladder is open (physostomous) to the esophagus.
In the latter, the gas content of the bladder is controlled through the rete mirabilis, a network of blood vessels effecting gas exchange between the bladder and the blood. [49] In some fish, a rete mirabile fills the swim bladder with oxygen. A countercurrent exchange system is utilized between the venous and arterial capillaries.
The main features of typical ray-finned fish are shown in the adjacent diagram. The swim bladder is a more derived structure and used for buoyancy . [ 5 ] Except from the bichirs , which just like the lungs of lobe-finned fish have retained the ancestral condition of ventral budding from the foregut , the swim bladder in ray-finned fishes ...
In many fish, a rete mirabile helps fill the swim bladder with oxygen, increasing the fish's buoyancy. The rete mirabile is an essential [8] part of the system that pumps dissolved oxygen from a low partial pressure of 0.2 atmospheres into a gas filled bladder that is at a pressure of hundreds of atmospheres. [9]