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Much of Sweden is heavily forested, with 69% [1] of the country being forest and woodland, while farmland constitutes only 8% of land use. [2] Sweden consists of 39,960 km 2 of water area, constituting around 95,700 lakes. [3] [A] The lakes are sometimes used for water power plants, especially the large northern rivers and lakes.
The geology of Sweden is the regional study of rocks, minerals, tectonics, natural resources and groundwater in the country. The oldest rocks in Sweden date to more than 2.5 billion years ago in the Precambrian .
A forest in Dalarna. Sweden is covered by 68% forest. [1] In southern Sweden, human interventions started to have a significant impact on broadleaved forests around 2000 years ago, where the first evidence of extensive agriculture has been found. [2]
Sweden has a long history of mining, dating back thousands of years. Sweden's earliest mining company was Stora Kopparberg, which operated on the copper Falun Mine, [5] the most famous mine in Sweden. [6] It was the source of the pigment falu red that painted castles, churches and cottages still seen throughout Sweden. [7]
The only endemic fish in Sweden is the critically endangered freshwater Coregonus trybomi, still surviving in only a single lake. [14] Amphibians found in Sweden include eleven species of frogs and toads and two species of newt, while reptiles include four species of snake and three species of lizard. They are all protected under the law. [15]
Sweden is an export-oriented mixed economy featuring a modern distribution system, excellent internal and external communications, and a skilled labor force. Timber, hydropower and iron ore constitute the resource base of an economy heavily oriented toward foreign trade. Sweden's engineering sector accounts for 50% of output and exports.
Natural history of Sweden (6 C, 1 P) Nature conservation in Sweden (4 C, 1 P) O. Environmental organizations based in Sweden (11 P) Outdoor structures in Sweden (4 C) S.
The Geological Survey of Sweden was founded in 1858. [5] [1] The first verifiable documented attempt to locate iron ore deposits with magnetic methods (the compass method) in Sweden was recorded on 29 July 1668 by the prospector Jöns Persson. The first attempt but with electrical equipotential methods was recorded in 1906.