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The word approximation is derived from Latin approximatus, from proximus meaning very near and the prefix ad-(ad-before p becomes ap- by assimilation) meaning to. [1] Words like approximate, approximately and approximation are used especially in technical or scientific contexts. In everyday English, words such as roughly or around are used with ...
The omission of the word order leads to phrases that have less formal meaning. Phrases like first approximation or to a first approximation may refer to a roughly approximate value of a quantity. [1] [2] The phrase to a zeroth approximation indicates a wild guess. [3]
When emphasized, approximants may be slightly fricated (that is, the airstream may become slightly turbulent), which is reminiscent of fricatives. For example, the Spanish word ayuda ('help') features a palatal approximant that is pronounced as a fricative in emphatic speech. [27]
Another approximation symbol is the double tilde ≈, meaning "approximately/almost equal to". [ 14 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] The tilde is also used to indicate congruence of shapes by placing it over an = symbol, thus ≅ .
In a neurological or psychopathological context, neologisms are nonsensical words or phrases whose origins are unrecognizable, and are associated with aphasia or schizophrenia. Incorrectly constructed words whose origins are understandable may also be called neologisms, but are more properly referred as § word approximations. [28] [29]
In other words, the upper approximation is the complete set of objects that are possibly members of the target set . The set U − P ¯ X {\displaystyle \mathbb {U} -{\overline {P}}X} therefore represents the negative region , containing the set of objects that can be definitely ruled out as members of the target set.
In mathematics, approximation theory is concerned with how functions can best be approximated with simpler functions, and with quantitatively characterizing the errors introduced thereby. What is meant by best and simpler will depend on the application.
In many East Asian languages, such as Chinese, Tibetan, and Vietnamese, each morpheme (word or word piece) consists of a single syllable; a word of English being often translated to a compound of two such syllables. The rank-frequency table for those morphemes deviates significantly from the ideal Zipf law, at both ends of the range.