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Library of Pergamum before excavation, 1885. Manuscripts were written on parchment, rolled, and then stored on the shelves. In fact, the word "parchment" itself is derived from Pergamum (via the Latin pergamenum and the French parchemin). Pergamum was a thriving center of parchment production during the Hellenistic period. [8]
The Kingdom of Pergamon, Pergamene Kingdom, or Attalid kingdom was a Greek state during the Hellenistic period that ruled much of the Western part of Asia Minor from its capital city of Pergamon. It was ruled by the Attalid dynasty ( / ˈ æ t əl ɪ d / ; Greek : Δυναστεία των Ατταλιδών , romanized : Dynasteía ton ...
Pergamon or Pergamum (/ ˈ p ɜːr ɡ ə m ə n / or / ˈ p ɜːr ɡ ə m ɒ n /; Ancient Greek: Πέργαμον), also referred to by its modern Greek form Pergamos (Πέργαμος), [a] [1] was a rich and powerful ancient Greek city in Aeolis.
If Eumenes was able to keep Pergamon free from the ravages of the Gauls, it was probably because he paid them tribute. [2] Although never assuming the title of "king," Eumenes did exercise all of the powers of one. [3] Imitating other Hellenistic rulers, a festival in Eumenes' honour, called Eumeneia, was instituted in Pergamon.
The Terrestrial Sphere of Crates of Mallus (c. 150 BCE), showing the region of the antipodes in the southern half of the western hemisphere and the torrid zone.Crates of Mallus (Ancient Greek: Κράτης ὁ Μαλλώτης, Krátēs ho Mallṓtēs; fl. 2nd century BC) was a Greek grammarian and Stoic philosopher, leader of the literary school and head of the library of Pergamum.
Attalus I (Ancient Greek: Ἄτταλος ' Attalos '), surnamed Soter (Greek: Σωτήρ, ' Savior '; 269–197 BC), [2] was the ruler of the Greek polis of Pergamon (modern-day Bergama, Turkey) and the larger Pergamene Kingdom from 241 BC to 197 BC.
Galen describes his father as a "highly amiable, just, good and benevolent man". At that time Pergamon (modern-day Bergama, Turkey) was a major cultural and intellectual centre, noted for its library, second only to that in Alexandria, [8] [30] as well as being the site of a large temple to the healing god Asclepius. [31]
The library is to be open first hour until the sixth." [18] The library was ultimately consumed by the invading Germanic Heruli tribe in 267 AD. [18] The Library of Rhodes (Rhodes) (100 A.D.) The library on the island of Rhodes was a distinct component of the larger gymnasium structure. An enclosure that had been excavated revealed a section of ...