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A striking feature of western Tian Shan is the large number of basins containing Cenozoic rocks, prominent basins include the Fergana Basin in the southwest, the Issyk-Kul Basin in the east and Naryn Basin in the south. [16] On the edges of the Tian Shan, there are foreland basins with Cenozoic sediments several kilometers thick.
Qarliq Tagh (also Harlik Shan, Karlik Tagh, or Qarlik Shan) is the easternmost mountain range of the Tian Shan, China. It is located in Xinjiang, China, between 42º50'N–43º35'N and 93º41'O–95º07'O. [1] In its western end it connects with the Barkol Shan. The highest peak is the Tomort (4,886 m above sea level). [1] [2] [3]
The Tian Shan are a mountain range north of the Tibetan Plateau and the Taklamakan Desert. Uplift of these mountains began 24 million years ago. It was a direct response to the continued extension of the Indian collision zone. The mountain range is still uplifting today along with the Himalaya. [9] [10]
The Paleozoic rocks in the Tien Shan mountains are the remnants of accreted island arcs, mainly from the Ordovician onward. During the Vendian , the Northern Turkestan domain was part of the Kipchak island arc system between the East European and Siberian continent, separated by the Terksey back-arc basin which had originated as a rift basin.
Altogether, the glacial Tian Shan glaciation occupied an area of approximately 118,000 square kilometers. The glacier snowline was about 1200m lower during the last ice age than it is today. This would result in a depression of the average annual temperature of 7.2 to 8.4 °C for the Last Glacial Maximum compared with today, assuming a ...
Urumqi Glacier No.1 (Chinese: 乌鲁木齐1号冰川 or 乌鲁木齐一号冰川) or Urumqi River Glacier No.1 (Chinese: 乌鲁木齐河1号冰川 or 乌鲁木齐河一号冰川), Tianshan Glacier No.1 (Chinese: 天山1号冰川 or 天山一号冰川), is the glacier closest to an urban area in the world, located only 120 km southwest to downtown Ürümqi, Xinjiang, China. [1]
The Tian Shan foothill arid steppe ecoregion (WWF ID: PA0818) covers the northern and western approaches to the Tian Shan mountains, centered on Lake Issyk-Kul in Kyrgyzstan. This region receives more moisture from Central Asia, thereby supporting more vegetation and diversity of plant and animal species than the deserts to the south.
The ecoregion winds its way around two chains of mountain ranges that extend westward from the Tian Shan Mountains. The northern chain is a direct extension of the Tian Shan, the southern chain is composed of (from west to east) the Gissar Range, the Zarafshan Range, the Turkestan Range, and the Alay Range.