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The USGS DEM format is a self-contained (single file) set of ASCII-encoded (text) 1024-byte (1024 ASCII chars) blocks that fall into three record categories called A, B, and C. There is no cross-platform ambiguity since line ending control codes are not used, and all data including numbers is represented in readable text form.
The DTED format for level 0, 1 and 2 is described in U.S. Military Specification Digital Terrain Elevation Data (DTED) MIL-PRF-89020B, and amongst other parameters describes the resolution for each level: Level 0 has a post spacing of approximately 900 meters. Level 1 has a post spacing of approximately 90 meters.
A digital elevation model (DEM) or digital surface model (DSM) is a 3D computer graphics representation of elevation data to represent terrain or overlaying objects, commonly of a planet, moon, or asteroid.
The National Elevation Dataset (NED) consists of high precision topography or ground surface elevation data (digital elevation model) for the United States. It was maintained by the USGS and all the data is in the public domain. Since the 3D Elevation Program came online, the NED was subsumed [1] into The National Map as one of its layers of ...
GTOPO30 is a digital elevation model for the world, developed by United States Geological Survey (USGS). It has a 30-arc second resolution (approximately 1 km), [1] and is split into 33 tiles stored in the USGS DEM file format. According to DTED and USGS DEM the absolute vertical accuracy of GTOP30 varies from ±30 meters. [2]
USGS DEM – The USGS' Digital Elevation Model GTOPO30 – Large complete Earth elevation model at 30 arc seconds, delivered in the USGS DEM format; DTED – National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA)'s Digital Terrain Elevation Data, the military standard for elevation data; World file – Georeferencing a raster image file (e.g. JPEG, BMP)
The elevation datasets are affected by mountain and desert no-data areas. These amount to no more than 0.2% of the total area surveyed, [11] but can be a problem in areas of very high relief. They affect all summits over 8,000 meters, most summits over 7,000 meters, many Alpine and similar summits and ridges, and many gorges and canyons.
Absolute uncertainty should be less than 1 meter, and relative uncertainties should be in decimeters. [2] The satellite images have pixel ground resolutions of under 0.5 meters, and overlapping images from different angles can be used to extract elevation data for DEMs.