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The presence of buccal exostosis can be diagnosed by both clinical examination and radiological interpretation of the oral cavity. Clinically, buccal exostoses appear as single, broad-based masses, usually situated bilaterally in the premolar and molar region on the facial surface of the maxillary alveolar bone. [11]
Idiopathic osteosclerosis, also known as enostosis or dense bone island, is a condition which may be found around the roots of a tooth, usually a premolar or molar. [2] It is usually painless and found during routine radiographs as an amorphous radiopaque (light) area around a tooth.
Misalignment of teeth creates difficulties in head and neck functions related to chewing, [6] [7] [8] swallowing, breathing, speech articulation [6] [7] [8] and lip closure/posture. [13] Affected individuals may also experience TMJ pain and dysfunction, [7] [14] which negatively affect the quality of life. [15]
The international notation has a different numbering system than the previous two, and the right permanent mandibular first molar is known as "46", and the left one is known as "36". Mandibular permanent first molars usually have four pulp horns. The first molar is usually the first permanent tooth to erupt at 6–7 years and has adult undertones.
Mandibular right first molar. The Lewis offset is a term for the portion of the central groove on a permanent mandibular first molar which lies between the two central pits. It was named for long time dental anatomy instructor Dr. Christopher S. Lewis, a Mercer Island, WA dentist.
Condylar resorption, also called idiopathic condylar resorption, ICR, and condylysis, is a temporomandibular joint disorder in which one or both of the mandibular condyles are broken down in a bone resorption process. This disorder is nine times more likely to be present in females than males, and is more common among teenagers.
Temporomandibular joint pain is generally due to one of four reasons. Myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome, primarily involving the muscles of mastication. This is the most common cause. Internal derangements, an abnormal relationship of the disc to any of the other components of the joint. Disc displacement is an example of internal derangement.
Submandibular stones are further classified as anterior or posterior in relation to an imaginary transverse line drawn between the mandibular first molar teeth. Stones may be radiopaque , i.e. they will show up on conventional radiographs , or radiolucent , where they not be visible on radiographs (although some of their effects on the gland ...