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Thiamine deficiency is a medical condition of low levels of thiamine (vitamin B 1). [1] A severe and chronic form is known as beriberi. [1] [7] The name beriberi was possibly borrowed in the 18th century from the Sinhalese phrase බැරි බැරි (bæri bæri, “I cannot, I cannot”), owing to the weakness caused by the condition.
Wernicke encephalopathy (WE), also Wernicke's encephalopathy, [1] or wet brain is the presence of neurological symptoms caused by biochemical lesions of the central nervous system after exhaustion of B-vitamin reserves, in particular thiamine (vitamin B 1). [2]
Wernicke encephalopathy and Korsakoff syndrome are forms of beriberi. Alcoholism can also cause vitamin deficiencies. Long-term deficiencies can be life-threatening. [20] Riboflavin (Vitamin B 2) deficiency: Deficiency causes painful red tongue with sore throat, chapped and cracked lips, and inflammation at the corners of the mouth (angular ...
Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome (WKS) is the combined presence of Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) and alcoholic Korsakoff syndrome (AKS [clarification needed]).Due to the close relationship between these two disorders, people with either are usually diagnosed with WKS as a single syndrome.
Peripheral neuropathy may be classified according to the number and distribution of nerves affected (mononeuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, or polyneuropathy), the type of nerve fiber predominantly affected (motor, sensory, autonomic), or the process affecting the nerves; e.g., inflammation (), compression (compression neuropathy), chemotherapy (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy).
Treatment should take into account the cause and severity of the condition. [6] Treatment is done by vitamin B 12 supplementation, either by mouth or by injection. [3] Initially in high daily doses, followed by less frequent lower doses, as the condition improves. [3] If a reversible cause is found, that cause should be corrected if possible. [11]
The cause, type, and severity of malnutrition determine what type of treatment would be most appropriate. [36] For primary acute malnutrition, children with no complications are treated at home and are encouraged to either continue breastfeeding (for infants) or start using ready-to-use therapeutic foods (for children). [ 36 ]
William Fletcher (born 11 October 1872 in Lemsford, Hertfordshire, [1] died 18 September 1938) [2] was an English medical doctor who in 1907 published the results of an experiment showing beriberi could be prevented by eating unpolished rice. [3] [4]