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Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis is a chronic (long-lasting) inflammatory condition affecting the salivary gland.Relatively rare in occurrence, this condition is benign, but presents as hard, indurated and enlarged masses that are clinically indistinguishable from salivary gland neoplasms or tumors.
Sclerosing polycystic adenosis (also abbreviated SPA) is a rare salivary gland tumor first described in 1996 by Dr. Brion Smith. [1] The major salivary glands, specifically the parotid gland (about 70% of cases) and the submandibular gland , are affected most commonly.
Sclerosing polycystic sialadenitis histologically resembles sclerosing adenosis/fibrocystic change of breast tissue. It composes of acini and ductal elements embedded in dense sclerotic stroma, and has a characteristic finding of large acinar cells present with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasmic granules.
These factors all promote slowing and stasis of saliva in the submandibular duct, making the formation of an obstruction with subsequent calcification more likely. Salivary calculi sometimes are associated with other salivary diseases, e.g. sialoliths occur in two thirds of cases of chronic sialadenitis , [ 4 ] although obstructive sialadenitis ...
Monckeberg's calcification typically occurs near the internal elastic lamina or, less frequently, in the media of muscular arteries without alterations in calcium metabolism. Its clinical importance is not yet fully understood. Some recent studies suggest a connection between Monckeberg's calcification and metabolic vascular calcification.
Sialodochitis (also termed ductal sialadenitis), [1] is inflammation of the duct system of a salivary gland. [2] This is compared to sialadenitis, which is inflammation of the gland parenchyma.
Adenosis involves an abnormal count and density of lobular units, while other lesions appear to mainly arise from ductal epithelial origins. There is evidence that iodine deficiency contributes to fibrocystic breast changes by enhancing breast tissue sensitivity to estrogen .
Calcification due to degenerative changes in the epithelial cell rests of Malassez [5] Calcification of thrombosed (blocked) capillaries in the periodontal ligament [ 5 ] (i.e. a phlebolith ) [ 6 ] Microtrauma to Sharpey's fibres [ 2 ] causes small spicules of cementum or alveolar bone to splinter into the periodontal membrane [ 4 ] Some do not ...