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Endometrial hyperplasia is a condition of excessive proliferation of the cells of the endometrium, or inner lining of the uterus.. Most cases of endometrial hyperplasia result from high levels of estrogens, combined with insufficient levels of the progesterone-like hormones which ordinarily counteract estrogen's proliferative effects on this tissue.
Women with pelvic congestion syndrome have a larger uterus and a thicker endometrium. 56% of women manifest cystic changes to the ovaries, [9] and many report other symptoms, such as dysmenorrhea, back pain, vaginal discharge, abdominal bloating, mood swings or depression, and fatigue. [8]
Pain and infertility are common symptoms, although 20–25% of affected women are asymptomatic. [1] Presence of pain symptoms are associated with the type of endometrial lesions as 50% of women with typical lesions, 10% of women with cystic ovarian lesions, and 5% of women with deep endometriosis do not have pain. [22]
Pelvic pain is pain in the area of the pelvis. Acute pain is more common than chronic pain. [2] If the pain lasts for more than six months, it is deemed to be chronic pelvic pain. [3] [4] It can affect both the male and female pelvis. Common causes in include: endometriosis in women, bowel adhesions, irritable bowel syndrome, and interstitial ...
Estimates of the percentage of female adolescents and women of reproductive age affected are between 50% and 90%. [4] [6] It is the most common menstrual disorder. [2] Typically, it starts within a year of the first menstrual period. [1] When there is no underlying cause, often the pain improves with age or following having a child. [2]
Uterine glands or endometrial glands are tubular glands, lined by a simple columnar epithelium, found in the functional layer of the endometrium that lines the uterus. Their appearance varies during the menstrual cycle. During the proliferative phase, uterine glands appear long due to estrogen secretion by the ovaries.
Cross section through the wall of a hysterectomy specimen of a 30-year-old woman who reported chronic pelvic pain and abnormal uterine bleeding. The endometrial surface is at the top of the image, and the serosa is at the bottom. Misplaced endometrial tissue proliferation in the myometrium causes symptoms through different mechanisms. [6]
typical presentation is that of a female (40-45 yrs) With a history of Amenorrhea for 2 weeks Followed by excessive menstrual bleeding cause being anovulation Histopathology: Proliferative endometrium without atypical changes Swiss cheese appearance On USG increased endometrial thickness without atypical change