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François Duvalier (French pronunciation: [fʁɑ̃swa dyvalje]; 14 April 1907 – 21 April 1971), also known as Papa Doc, was a Haitian politician and voodooist who served as the president of Haiti from 1957 until his death in 1971. [3] He was elected president in the 1957 general election on a populist and black nationalist platform.
The Duvalier family (French: Dynastie des Duvalier) was an autocratic hereditary dictatorship in Haiti that lasted almost 29 years, from 1957 until 1986, spanning the rule of the father-and-son duo Dr. François Duvalier (Papa Doc) and Jean-Claude Duvalier (Baby Doc). [2] [3] [4] [5]
Jean-Claude Duvalier (French: [ʒɑ̃klod dyvalje]; 3 July 1951 – 4 October 2014), nicknamed "Baby Doc" (French: Bébé Doc, Haitian Creole: Bebe Dòk), was a Haitian dictator who inherited the President of Haiti from 1971 until he was overthrown by a popular uprising in February 1986.
The National Assembly approves an amendment to the constitution, allowing President For Life Duvalier to name his son, Jean-Claude Duvalier, as his successor 21 April: President for Life François Duvalier dies in Port-au-Prince 22 April: Jean-Claude "Baby Doc" Duvalier succeeds his father as president for Life 1974
Jean-Claude and Michèle Duvalier en route to the airport to flee the country, 7 February 1986. On Duvalier's death in April 1971, power passed to his 19-year-old son Jean-Claude Duvalier (known as "Baby Doc"). Under Jean-Claude Duvalier, Haiti's economic and political condition continued to decline, although some of the more fearsome elements ...
François Duvalier (1907–1971) 1957 1961 1964: 22 October 1957 21 April 1971† [11] [12] 13 years, 181 days National Unity Party: President (22 October 1957 – 22 June 1964) President for Life (22 June 1964 – 21 April 1971) 40 Jean-Claude Duvalier (1951–2014) 1971 1985: 21 April 1971 [m] 7 February 1986 [n] 14 years, 292 days
The 1970 Haitian coup attempt, also known as the Cayard affair, [1] was a failed coup d'état by dissident elements of the Haitian Coast Guard, led by Colonel and Coast Guard Commandant Octave Cayard, against the François Duvalier dictatorship. Hastily executed, the coup attempt was prompted by government crackdowns that rounded up alleged ...
Simone Duvalier's influence reached its peak after the death of her husband on 21 April 1971, when her nineteen-year-old son Jean-Claude Duvalier (Baby Doc) succeeded his father as Haiti's "President for Life". Simone Duvalier retained the title of First Lady, and relished the power it conferred.