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A feature with these verbs is the competition between the SUBJ stem and the 1P stem to control the first and second plural present subjunctive, the imperative and the present participle, in ways that vary from verb to verb. The paradigm taking into account the subjunctive stem is shown in the following table.
In literary and journalistic writings, the -ra subjunctive may also replace the past perfect indicative, even though only in subordinate clauses, mainly the relative; for example, "el libro que leyera" ("the book (that) he had read"); "Leyera el libro" ("He had read the book") is ungrammatical. [65]
Similarly, the participle agrees with the subject when it is used with ser to form the "true" passive voice (e.g. La carta fue escrita ayer 'The letter was written [got written] yesterday.'), and also when it is used with estar to form a "passive of result", or stative passive (as in La carta ya está escrita 'The letter is already written.').
The subjunctive (also known as conjunctive in some languages) is a grammatical mood, a feature of an utterance that indicates the speaker's attitude toward it.Subjunctive forms of verbs are typically used to express various states of unreality such as wish, emotion, possibility, judgment, opinion, obligation, or action that has not yet occurred; the precise situations in which they are used ...
Kunyjarta-lu Woman- ERG mara hand ku-rnu CAUS - PST parnu-nga 3SG - GEN warnta stick pirri-lpunyjarri, dig- INS kurni-rnu throw- PST kunyjarta woman kurri teenager Kunyjarta-lu mara ku-rnu parnu-nga warnta pirri-lpunyjarri, kurni-rnu kunyjarta kurri Woman-ERG hand CAUS-PST 3SG-GEN stick dig-INS throw-PST woman teenager ‘(The) woman caused her digging stick to be in (the) hand (i.e. picked up ...
Que venga el gerente. = "Let the manager come.", "Have the manager come." Que se cierren las puertas. = "Let the doors be closed.", "Have the doors closed." With a verb that expresses wishing, the above sentences become plain subjunctive instead of direct commands: Deseo que venga el gerente. = "I wish for the manager to come."
Like English, French distinguishes subordinators from other grammatical categories such as prepositions and adverbs.A major difference is that the subordinators are semantically empty, while other words – such as comme ("like"), lorsque ("when"), puisque ("since") – that have been loosely described as conjonctions de subordination have particular meanings.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 28 January 2025. Romance language "Castilian language" redirects here. For the specific variety of the language, see Castilian Spanish. For the broader branch of Ibero-Romance, see West Iberian languages. Spanish Castilian español castellano Pronunciation [espaˈɲol] ⓘ [kasteˈʝano ...